Morphology of Flowering Plants

SYNOPSIS

• Morphology is the branch of biology which deals with form, size, structure and relative position of various organs of a living organism.
• Root is the non-green part of the plant which grows below the ground.
• Types of Root Systems
  
  
  
• Modifications of Roots
  
  
  

• The stem is the ascending part of the axis bearing leaves, flowers, buds, fruits and branches.

• Modifications of Stem
  
  
  

• A leaf is a green, flattened structure which develops at the node of a stem
  
  

  Venation in Leaves		Types of Leaves
  Reticulate Venation	Parallel Venation	Simple Leaves	Compound Leaves
  			Pinnately Compound Leaf	Palmately Compound Leaf

• Phyllotaxy is the pattern or arrangement of leaves on the stem or branch.
  
  
  
  
• Modifications of Leaf
  
  
  
• The flower is a modified reproductive shoot in angiosperms.
  
  

• A true fruit is a mature, ripened ovary. 

• After fertilisation, ovules develop into seeds.
  
  

• A floral diagram provides information about the number of floral parts, arrangement of floral parts and relation of floral parts with one another.

• A floral formula shows cohesion and adhesion within parts of whorls and between whorls.

• Floral Formulae and Floral Diagrams of Some Important Families:
  
  

  Characters	Family Fabaceae	Family Solanaceae	Family Liliaceae
  Floral Formula
  Floral Diagram