CBSE Class 12-science Syllabus
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Chemistry | View Syllabus
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The Solid State
- Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
- Three Dimensional Packing
- Packing Efficiency
- Crystal Lattice
- Dimensions of Unit Cells
- Imperfections in Crystals
Solutions
- Strength of Solutions
- Ideal Solutions
- Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
- Boiling and Freezing Points of Solutions
- Association and Dissociation
- Solubility
Electrochemistry
- Conductivity of Solutions
- Kohlrausch's Law
- Electrolysis
- Electrochemical Cells
- Standard Electrode Potential
- Nernst Equation
- Batteries
- Corrosion
Chemical Kinetics
- Rate of Chemical Reaction
- Order and Molecularity of Reaction
- Integrated Rate Equation
- Temperature Dependence of Reaction
- Collision Theory
Surface Chemistry
- Adsorption
- Catalysis
- Emulsions
- Types of Colloids
- Properties of Colloids
Isolation of Elements
- Occurrence and Extraction
- Principles of Metallurgy
The p-Block Elements
- Trends in Properties of p-Block
- Nitrogen and Its Compounds
- Phosphorus and Its Compounds
- Oxygen
- Sulphur and Its Compounds
- Halogens
- Group 18 Elements
The d-Block and f-Block Elements
- Introduction to d-Block Elements
- Properties of d-Block Elements
- Important Compounds of d-Block
- Lanthanoids and Actinoids
Coordination Compounds
- Introduction to Co-ordination Compounds
- Nomenclature of Co-ordination Compounds
- Valence Bond Theory
- Crystal Field Theory
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Characteristics of Halo Compounds
- General Methods of Preparation
- Chemical Properties
- Polyhalogen Compounds
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Introduction to Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Preparation of Alcohols and Phenols
- Properties of Alcohols
- Characteristics of Phenols
- Ethers : Preparation and Properties
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
- General Study of Carbonyl Compounds
- Aldehydes and Ketones
- Carboxylic Acids
Amines
- Study of Nitrogen Functional Group
- Preparation of Amines
- Properties of Amines
- Diazonium Salts
Biomolecules
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins, Enzymes and Vitamins
- DNA and RNA
Polymers
- Classification of Polymers
- Addition and Condensation Polymers
Chemistry in Everyday Life
- Classification of Drugs and their Target Interaction
- Therapeutic Action of Drugs
- Food Additives and Cleansing Agents
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Mathematics | View Syllabus
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Relations and Functions
- Introduction to Relations
- Introduction to Functions
- Problems on Functions
- Composition of Functions
- Problems on Composition
- Binary Operations
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
- Introduction: Inverse Trigonometry
- Properties of Inverse Trigonometry
Matrices
- Introduction to Matrices
- Matrix Operations
- Transpose of A Matrix
- Elementary Operations
Determinants
- Introduction to Determinants
- Properties of Determinants
- Properties and Applications of Determinants
- Minors and Co-factors
- Solving Simultaneous Equations
Continuity and Differentiability
- Continuity
- Differentiability and Chain Rule
- Differentiation: Implicit Functions
- Differentiation of Exponential Functions
- Logarithmic Functions
- Differentiation of Parametric Functions
- Second Order Derivatives
- Mean Value Theorems
Applications of Derivatives
- Rate of Change and Approximations
- Increasing and Decreasing Functions
- Tangents and Normals
- Maxima - Minima - I Derivative Test
- Maxima - Minima - II Derivative Test
Integrals
- Introduction to Integration
- Integration by Substitution
- Integrals of Special Functions
- Integrals of Trigonometric Identities
- Integration by Partial Fractions
- Integration by Parts
- More Problems on Integration
- Limit of A Sum
- Properties of Definite Integrals
- Evaluating Definite Integrals
- Problems on Definite Integrals
Applications of Integrals
- Area Between A Curve and A Line
- Area Between Two Curves
Differential Equations
- Intro: Differential Equations
- Variable Separable Form
- Homogenous Differential Equations
- Linear Differential Equations
Vector Algebra
- Introduction to Vector Algebra
- Properties of Vectors
- Scalar Product of Two Vectors
- Cross Product
Three Dimensional Geometry
- Introduction to 3-D Geometry
- Cartesian Equation of A Line
- Skew Lines
- Equation of Plane
- Intercept Form and Family of Planes
- Distance of A Point From A Plane
Linear Programming
- Introduction to Linear Programming
- Optimal Solution
- Solution of Linear Programming Problems
Probability
- Introduction to Conditional Probability
- Independent Events
- Bayes' Theorem
- Distribution of Random Variables
- Mean and Variance of A Random Variable
- Binomial Distribution
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Physics | View Syllabus
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Electric Charges and Fields
- Electric Charge
- Coulomb's Law
- Electric Field
- Electric Flux
- Electric Dipole
- Gauss Law
- Gold Leaf Electroscope
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Electrostatic Potential
- Equipotential Surfaces
- Electrostatic Potential Energy
- Electrostatics of Conductors
- Capacitors
- Combination of Capacitors
- Electrostatics of Dielectrics
Current Electricity
- Ohm's Law
- Drift of Electrons and Resistivity
- Combination of Resistors
- emfs and Internal Resistance
- Combination of Cells
- Kirchhoff's Rules
- Electrical Appliances
Moving Charges and Magnetism
- Magnetic Lorentz Force
- Motion in Combined E and B Fields
- Biot Savart Law
- Ampere's Law
- The Solenoid and Toroid
- Force on Current Carrying Wire
- Torque on Current Carrying Loop
Magnetism and Matter
- Magnetic Field
- Magnetic Properties
Electromagnetic Induction
- Magnetic Flux
- Faraday's Laws of Induction
- Motional emf
- Eddy Currents
- Inductance
- AC Generator
Alternating Current
- AC Applied Across Resistor
- AC Applied Across Capacitor
- AC Applied Across Inductor
- AC Applied to LCR in Series
- Resonance in LCR Circuit
- Power in AC Circuit
Electromagnetic Waves
- Characteristics of EM Waves
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
- Reflection by Spherical Mirrors
- Refraction by Plane Surfaces
- Total Internal Reflection
- Refraction by Spherical Surfaces
- Refraction by Lens
- Refraction and Dispersion by Prism
- Natural Phenomena Due to Sunlight
- Optical Instruments
Wave Optics
- Huygen's Principle
- Interference of Light
- Diffraction of Light
- Polarisation
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Photoelectric Effect
- Dual Nature of Matter
Atoms
- Alpha Particle Scattering
- Bohr's Model of Atom
Nuclei
- Atomic Nucleus
- Nuclear Energy
- Radioactivity
Semiconductor Electronics
- Types of Materials
- PN Diode
- Applications of PN Diode
- Transistors
- Applications of Transistors
- Logic Gates
Communication Systems
- Signals and Transmission Systems
- Modulation and Detection of Signals
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Biology | View Syllabus
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Reproduction in Organisms
- Asexual Reproduction
- Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Prefertilisation: Structures and Events
- Pollination
- Double Fertilisation, Post Fertilisation: Structures and Events
Human Reproduction
- Male and Female Reproductive System
- Gametogenesis and Menstrual Cycle
- Fertilisation, Embryonic Development and Parturition
Reproductive Health
- Population Explosion and Birth Control
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Infertility
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- Mendel's Laws of Inheritance
- Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, Linkage and Recombination, Sex Determination
- Mutations and Genetic Disorders
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- DNA, RNA and Experiments on Genetic Material
- DNA Replication
- Transcription, Genetic Code and Types of RNA
- Translation and Regulation of Gene Expression
- Human Genome Project and DNA Fingerprinting
Evolution
- Origin of Life
- Theories of Evolution
- Mechanism of Evolution
- Palaeontology and Human Evolution
Human Health and Disease
- Diseases in Humans and Immunity
- AIDS and Cancer
- Alcohol and Drug abuse
Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- Animal Husbandry
- Plant Breeding
- Single Cell Protein and Tissue Culture
Microbes in Human Welfare
- Microbes: Household Products, Industrial Products and Sewage Treatment
- Microbes: Biogas, Biocontrol Agents and Biofertilisers
Biotechnology : Principles and Processes
- Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology
- Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology
Biotechnology and its Applications
- Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture and Medicine
- Transgenic Organisms and Ethical Issues in Biotechnology
Organisms and Populations
- Organism and its Environment
- Population: Attributes and Growth
- Population Interactions
Ecosystem
- Structure and Requirements of Ecosystem
- Energy Flow and Ecological Pyramids
- Ecological Succession and Biogeochemical Cycles
Biodiversity and Conservation
- Biodiversity and its Importance
- Conservation of Biodiversity
Environmental Issues
- Air and Water Pollution and their Control
- Solid wastes, Agrochemicals and Radioactive wastes
- Greenhouse Effect, Ozone Depletion and Deforestation
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Economics | View Syllabus
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Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence
- Low Level of Economic Development under the Colonial Rule
- Agriculture, Industry and Foreign Trade
- Demography, Occupational Structure and Infrastructure
Indian Economy 1950-1990
- The Goals of Five Year Plans
- Agriculture
- Industry and Trade
National Income Accounting
- Income method and Expenditure method
- Circular Flow of Income
- Macroeconomic Aggregates
- Classification of Goods and Value Added Method
- Income and Expenditure Method
- Some Basic Concepts of Macroeconomics
- Circular Flow of Income and Methods of Calculating National Income
Economic Reforms Since 1991
- Concept of Demonetisation
- Concept of GST
- Liberalisation
- Privatisation and Globalisation
- Indian economy During Reforms: An Assessment
Money and Banking
- Barter System and Evolution and Functions of Money
- Demand and Supply of Money
- Commercial Banks & Money Creation Process
- Functions of RBI and Instruments of Monetary Policy
- The Supply of Money
Poverty
- Who are the Poor and their identification?
- The Number of Poor in India and the Causes of Poverty
- Policies and Programmes Towards Poverty Alleviation and its Critical Assessment
Income Determination
- Multiplier Mechanism, Deficit and Excess Demand
- Aggregate Demand and its Components
- Aggregate Supply and its Components
- Equilibrium: AD-AS & S-I Approach and Adjustment Mechanism
- Multiplier Mechanism and Paradox of Thrift
- Deficit and Excess Demand
- Ex Ante and Ex Post
- The Short Run Fixed Price Analysis of the Product Market
Human Capital Formation in India
- Education Sector in India
- Economic Growth and State of Human Capital Formation in India
- Concept and Sources of Human Capital Formation
The Government: Budget and the Economy
- Government Budget and its Objectives
- Government Budget and its Measures
- Budget Deficit and its Measures
Open Economy Macroeconomics
- Balance of Payments
- Exchange rate: Meaning and its types
- Concept of Balance of Payments
- Exchange Rate: Meaning and Types
Rural Development
- Rural Development and Rural Credit
- Agricultural Marketing, Diversification of Agricultural Activities and Organic Farming
Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues
- Employment, Types and Participation of People
- Employment Growth and Informalisation of Indian Workforce
- Unemployment
Infrastructure
- Concept and Importance of Infrastraucture
- Energy
- Health
Environment and Susutainable Development
- Definition and Functions of Environment
- State of India’s Environment
- Sustainable Development and its Strategies
Comparative Development Experiences of India and its Neighbours
- Development Strategies of India, China and Pakistan
- Comparative Study with respect to Demographic Indicators, GDP and HDI
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Hindi | View Syllabus
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