CBSE Class 10 Answered

Erythrocytes and leucocytes:

Erythrocytes are red in color whereas leucocytes are white or colorless.

Erythrocytes possess the respiratory pigment which is absent in leucocyte.

Erythrocytes do not possess nuclei in the mature stage. Leucocytes possess well-developed nuclei.

Erythrocytes are only of one type wheras leucocytes are of several types.

The erythrocytes number 4-5 million / cubic mm of blood whereas the leucocytes number 6000-9000 / cubic mm of blood.

Erythrocytes are important in transporting respiratory gases and also other substances like nutrients, waste materials, enzymes etc. Leucocytes on the other hand are important in fighting against diseases and thus help in the defense mechanism of the body.

Xylem and phloem: 

Xylem conducts water and minerals from roots to upper parts of the plant body whereas phloem transports the prepared food from leaves to other parts of the body.

Xylem consists mainly of dead elements whereas phloem consists of living tissue.

Xylem is made up of vessels, tracheids, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres. Phloem is made up of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres.

Blood and lymph:

An important difference between the blood flowing in the circulatory system and the lymph flowing in the lymph system is that blood is pressurized by the heart, while the lymph system is passive. There is no "lymph pump" like there is a blood pump i.e. the heart. Instead, fluids ooze into the lymph system and get pushed by normal body and muscle motion to the lymph nodes.

Lymph does not possess RBCs, which are present in blood.

Lymph contains less plasma proteins than blood.

Lymph is colorless whereas blood is red in color.

Lymph flows in lymphatic capillaries whereas blood flows in blood vessels.

In lymph white blood cells are present in much more abundance than in blood