in case of exceptions like cu and chromium where outer configuration is 4s1 3d 10 and 4s1 3d 5 if we want to remove a electron then it will be removed from 4s subshell or 3d subshell?? are there anymore exceptions like these ??/
Asked by Viswanath | 15th Aug, 2014, 11:20: AM
Dear v79111998@gmail.com
Thanks for asking us a question in Ask the Expert section of TopperLearning.com.
- The order of energy of different orbitals in an atom is given below:
1s < 2s < 2p <3s < 3p < 4s < 3d < 4p <5s < 4d < 5p < 6s < 4f < 5d and so on.
- Due to anomalous behaviour of Chromium it has electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5
- The first electron that will be removed is the single 4s electron, leaving the electron configuration [Ar]3d5 because less energy will be required as compared to 3d orbital.
Aufbau process is an accurate in determining the electron configuration of most elements. There are some notable exceptions that occur within the transition metals and heavier elements. The reason these exceptions occur is because some elements are more stable with less electrons in some subshells and more electrons within others.
A list of the exceptions to the Aufbau process can be found below.
Exceptions to Electron Configuration Trends
Period 4:
Period 5:
Chromium: Z:24 [Ar] 3d54s1
Niobium: Z:41 [Kr] 5s1 4d4
Copper: Z:27 [Ar] 3d104s1
Molybdenum: Z:42 [Kr] 5s1 4d5
Ruthenium: Z:44 [Kr] 5s1 4d7
Rhodium: Z:45 [Kr] 5s1 4d8
Palladium: Z:46 [Kr] 4d10
Silver: Z:47 [Kr] 5s1 4d10
Period 6:
Period 7:
Lanthanum: Z:57 [Xe] 6s2 5d1
Actinium: Z:89 [Rn] 7s2 6d1
Cerium: Z:58 [Xe] 6s2 4f1 5d1
Thorium: Z:90 [Rn] 7s2 6d2
Gadolinium: Z:64 [Xe] 6s2 4f7 5d1
Protactium: Z:91 [Rn] 7s2 5f2 6d1
Platinum: Z:78 [Xe] 6s1 4f14 5d9
Uranium: Z:92 [Rn] 7s2 5f3 6d1
Gold: Z:79 [Xe] 6s1 4f14 5d10
Neptunium: Z:93 [Rn] 7s2 5f4 6d1
Curium: Z:96 [Rn] 7s2 5f2 6d1
Lawrencium: Z:103 [Rn] 7s2 5f14 7p1
Regards
Topperlearning Team.
- The order of energy of different orbitals in an atom is given below:
1s < 2s < 2p <3s < 3p < 4s < 3d < 4p <5s < 4d < 5p < 6s < 4f < 5d and so on.
- Due to anomalous behaviour of Chromium it has electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5
- The first electron that will be removed is the single 4s electron, leaving the electron configuration [Ar]3d5 because less energy will be required as compared to 3d orbital.
Aufbau process is an accurate in determining the electron configuration of most elements. There are some notable exceptions that occur within the transition metals and heavier elements. The reason these exceptions occur is because some elements are more stable with less electrons in some subshells and more electrons within others.
A list of the exceptions to the Aufbau process can be found below.
Exceptions to Electron Configuration Trends
Period 4: |
Period 5: |
Chromium: Z:24 [Ar] 3d54s1 |
Niobium: Z:41 [Kr] 5s1 4d4 |
Copper: Z:27 [Ar] 3d104s1 |
Molybdenum: Z:42 [Kr] 5s1 4d5 |
|
Ruthenium: Z:44 [Kr] 5s1 4d7 |
|
Rhodium: Z:45 [Kr] 5s1 4d8 |
|
Palladium: Z:46 [Kr] 4d10 |
|
Silver: Z:47 [Kr] 5s1 4d10 |
|
|
Period 6: |
Period 7: |
Lanthanum: Z:57 [Xe] 6s2 5d1 |
Actinium: Z:89 [Rn] 7s2 6d1 |
Cerium: Z:58 [Xe] 6s2 4f1 5d1 |
Thorium: Z:90 [Rn] 7s2 6d2 |
Gadolinium: Z:64 [Xe] 6s2 4f7 5d1 |
Protactium: Z:91 [Rn] 7s2 5f2 6d1 |
Platinum: Z:78 [Xe] 6s1 4f14 5d9 |
Uranium: Z:92 [Rn] 7s2 5f3 6d1 |
Gold: Z:79 [Xe] 6s1 4f14 5d10 |
Neptunium: Z:93 [Rn] 7s2 5f4 6d1 |
|
Curium: Z:96 [Rn] 7s2 5f2 6d1 |
|
Lawrencium: Z:103 [Rn] 7s2 5f14 7p1 |
Topperlearning Team.
Answered by Hanisha Vyas | 18th Aug, 2014, 12:30: PM
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