CBSE Class 11-science Answered

Hybridization is process of redistributaion of energies of atomic orbitals forming molecular orbital during process of bonding. Lets take example of sp² hybridiatrion of carbon.

In sp² type of hybridisation atom involves one 's' and two 'p' orbitals. These orbitals get hybridised to form three equivalent orbitals called 'sp²' hybrid orbitals. The bond angle between the two hybridised orbital is 120°.

In case of carbon, the 2s and two of three 2p (p_x, p_y and p_z) orbitals of excited carbon atom hybridize to form three sp² hybridized orbitals of equivalent energy and identical shape. Each orbital is called sp² hybrid orbital.