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ICSE Class 10 Answered

Give laboratory preparation of ammonia from ammonium chloride.
Asked by Topperlearning User | 06 Jun, 2016, 09:24: AM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer

Reactants: Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] in the ratio of 2:3 by weight.

Reaction:

2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2  → CaCl2 + 2H2O  +2NH3

Drying of Ammonia Gas

  1.      The gas is passed through a drying tower containing lumps of quicklime (CaO).
  2.      Drying agents such as conc. sulphuric acid, phosphorus pentaoxide and calcium chloride are not used, because ammonia, being basic, reacts with them.

      2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4

      6NH3 + P2O5 + 3H2O → 2(NH4)3PO4

      CaCl2 + 4NH3 → CaCl2.4NH3 

Collection

Ammonia gas is collected by downward displacement of air because it is

  1.    Lighter than air (VD of NH3 = 8.5 and that of air = 14.4).
  2.    Highly soluble in water, and therefore, it cannot be collected over water.
Answered by | 06 Jun, 2016, 11:24: AM

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