CBSE Class 10 Answered
Although plants require oxygen for respiration, they do not have respiratory organ system like animals. All parts of the plant such as the root, stem and leaves respire independently. Respiration in plants occurs through stomata in leaves, lenticels in stem and general surface of roots.
Depending on the level of organisation and habitat, the respiratory organs are different in different animals.
Animals |
Respiratory organs |
Sponges |
Body surface (Exchange of gases takes place by simple diffusion.) |
Coelenterates (Cnidarians) Example: Hydra |
Body surface (Exchange of gases takes place by simple diffusion.) |
Ctenophores Example: Pleurobrachia |
Body surface (Exchange of gases takes place by simple diffusion.) |
Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Only free-living forms Example: Liver fluke |
Body surface (Exchange of gases takes place by simple diffusion.) |
Aschelminthes (Roundworms) Example: Ascaris |
Respiratory system is absent. |
Annelida Example: Earthworm |
Moist cuticle, gills or modified parapodia |
Arthropoda (Terrestrial forms) Example: Insects |
Trachea or book lungs |
Arthropoda (Aquatic forms) Example: Crab |
Gills or book gills |
Mollusca (Terrestrial forms) Example: Garden snail |
Pulmonary sacs |
Mollusca (Aquatic forms) Example: Unio |
Ctenidia or gills |
Echinodermata (Different organisms) |
|
Hemichordata Example: Balanoglossus |
Gill slits |
Fish |
Gills |
Amphibians |
Gills, lungs or skin surface |
Reptiles |
Lungs |
Aves (Birds) |
Lungs |
Mammals |
Lungs |