CBSE Class 9 Answered

Folding: A fold is a bend in the rock strata resulting from compression of an area in the Earth’s crust. Folding occurs when the lithospheric plate pushes up against another plate. In folding, the land between the two tectonic plates, acting towards each other, rises up. Fold mountains such as the Himalayas have been formed due to folding.

Faulting: At times, when the crustal rocks are subjected to horizontal compressional pressure, they do not get folded. Instead, they develop fractures or cracks along the line of weakness. These lines of fracture are known as faults. The movement of the crustal rocks of the earth’s crust along the line of fault is known as faulting. Block mountains are formed due to faulting.