FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 7 - Flowers
Scoring high marks in your exam is achievable by strengthening your conceptual understanding with Frank Solutions for ICSE Class 9 Biology Chapter 7 Flowers. In this chapter, you can study the different parts of a typical flower. Learn about Corolla, Filament, Anther, petal and more with accurately-labelled diagrams of flowers.
Study ICSE Class 9 Biology syllabus concepts like inflorescence, placentation and more with TopperLearning’s textbook solutions. Also, practise important chapter-specific MCQs and definitions with our online study materials such as free text book solutions, solved question papers, past year papers and more.
Chapter 7 - Flowers Exercise 64
A typical flower has four different kinds of whorls arranged successively on the swollen parts of a flower stalk. Flower stalk consists of the stalk called pedicel and the swollen upper part called thalamus bearing the floral leaves.
The different floral whorls are calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium. Calyx and corolla are accessory whorls, while androecium and gynoecium are reproductive whorls.
(i) Calyx - The calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower and its members are called sepals. Generally, sepals are green, leaf like and protect the inner whorls of the flower in bud stage. They are also involved in producing food by photosynthesis. The calyx may be gamosepalous (sepals united) or polysepalous (sepals free).
(ii) Corolla - It is the second whorl composed of floral leaves called petals. Petals are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination. Petals also protect the inner whorls. Like calyx, corolla may be also free (gamopetalous) or united (polypetalous). The shape and colour of corolla vary greatly in plants.
(iii) Androecium - It is the third whorl and is the male reproductive whorl of a flower. Androecium is composed of one or more stamens. Each stamen consists of three parts:
(a) Filament - It is the lower stalk of the stamen.
(b) Anther - Filament bears a bilobed fertile structure called anther at its distal end. Each lobe contains two pollen sacs. The pollen grains are produced in pollen-sacs.
(c) Connective - Filament of the stamen is extended in between the two anther lobes called connective.
(iv) Gynoecium - It is the innermost whorl and the female reproductive part of the flower. Gynoecium is made up of one or more carpels. A carpel consists of three parts namely stigma, style and ovary.
Ovary is the swollen basal part containing ovules. Each ovary bears one or more ovules attached to a flattened, cushion-like structure called placenta.
Style is the elongated thread like structure attached to the apex of the ovary. It connects the ovary to the stigma.
The stigma is situated at the tip of the style and is the receptive surface for pollen grains.
(a) Inflorescence
(b) Gynoecium
(c) Placentation
(d) Incomplete flower
(e) Perianth
Function - Inflorescence facilitates the best arrangement and display of flowers on a branch without any sort of overcrowding. It also facilitates pollination via a prominent visual display and more efficient pollen uptake and deposition.
(b) Gynoecium - It is the innermost whorl of the flower bearing the female reproductive parts.
Function - The ovary of gynoecium produces ovules which bear the female gamete.
(c) Placentation - The manner in which placenta and ovules are arranged inside the ovary wall is known as placentation.
Function - Placentation helps in the best arrangement of ovules within the ovary. Placentation also helps in plant classification.
(d) Incomplete flower - A flower lacking one whorl out of the four whorls is said to be incomplete flower.
Function - An incomplete flower contains either male or female reproductive organs.
(e) Perianth - When the calyx and corolla are not distinct in a flower (eg. - lily), the whorl is collectively called perianth.
Function - The members of perianth, called tepals are usually brightly coloured and bear scent. This attracts insects which aids in pollination. They also protect the flower in bud condition.
There are six different types of flowers. These are complete, incomplete, bisexual, unisexual, actinomorphic and zygomorphic.
(a) Calyx and Corolla
(b) Inflorescence and Flower
(c) Androecium and Gynoecium
(d) Hypogyny and Perigyny
(e) A complete flower and an Incomplete Flower
Androecium is the male reproductive organ of a flower and is involved in producing male gametes.
Gynoecium is the female reproductive part of the flower and produces the female gametes.
The non-essential or accessory parts of flowers are the calyx and corolla since they do not directly participate in the process of sexual reproduction leading to the development of seed.
Sepals of calyx are green, leaf like and protect the inner whorls of the flower in bud stage. They are also involved in producing food by photosynthesis.
Petals of corolla are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination; they also protect the inner whorls.
(a) Flower and Inflorescence
(b) Racemose and Cymose inflorescence
(c) Marginal and Parietal placentation
(d) Ray florets and Disc florets
(a) Androecium
(b) Gynoecium
(c) Calyx
(d) Corolla
(b) Gynoecium - It is the innermost whorl and is the female reproductive part of the flower. Gynoecium is made up of one or more carpels. A carpel consists of three parts namely stigma, style and ovary. Ovary is the swollen basal part containing ovules.
(c) Calyx - The calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower and its members are called sepals. Generally, sepals are green, leaf like and protect the inner whorls of the flower in bud stage. They are also involved in producing food by photosynthesis. The calyx may be gamosepalous (sepals united) or polysepalous (sepals free).
(d) Corolla - It is the second whorl composed of floral leaves called petals. Petals are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination. Petals also protect the inner whorls. Like calyx, corolla may be also free (gamopetalous) or united (polypetalous).
Chapter 7 - Flowers Exercise 65
(a) Actinomorphic flower
(b) Complete flower
(c) Bisexual flower
(d) Inferior ovary
(e) Persistent calyx
(f) Catkin inflorescence
(b) Cotton
(c) Cotton
(d) Sunflower
(e) Tomato
(f) Mulberry
(i) Thalamus is a
(a) stem
(b) condensed stem
(c) plumule
(d) condensed plumule
(ii) Meaning of gamosepalous is
(a) free calyx
(b) jointed calyx
(c) calyx petaloid
(d) spiny calyx
(iii) Four whorls of a flower are located on
(a) flower axis
(b) pedicel
(c) thalamus
(d) none of these
(iv) The shape of anther in shoe-flower is
(a) reniform
(b) rounded
(c) linear
(d) appendiculate
(v) Sunflower's inflorescence is
(a) corymb
(b) umbel
(c) capitulum
(d) cyathium
(ii) (b) jointed calyx
(iii) (c) thalamus
(iv) (a) reniform
(v) (c) capitulum
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