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Asked by Prashant DIGHE | 29 Jul, 2019, 07:47: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
In a prism as shown in figure, for an incident ray, if r1 is the angle of refraction and r2 is the angle of incidence inside prism ,
 
then we have, Angle of prism A = r1 + r2 ...................(1)
 
if r2 is critical angle C, the refracted ray just emerges along the surface PR
 
Similarly for incident ray which will incident on side PQ with angle of incidence near to 90° , angle of refraction r1 will be very near to critical angle C
 
Hence from eqn.(1), we have, angle of prism A = 2C   or  Critcal angle C = A/2  ..................(2)
 
In a prism, we have the relation between critical angle C and refractive index μ of material of prism as, 
 
sin C = 1/μ   or  μ = 1/( sin C )   or  μ = cosec C    ...............(3)
 
Using eqn.(2), eqn.(3) is written as,  μ  = cosec A/2 = [ 1+ cot2 (A/2) ]1/2 
Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 30 Jul, 2019, 12:18: PM
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