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CBSE Class 12-science Answered

Given below is a strand of DNA. Frame and label its sense and antisense RNA strand.
5' ATGGGGCTC 3'.
How RNA molecules made from the above DNA strand help in silencing the specific RNA molecules?
Asked by Pragnya Kar | 18 Mar, 2016, 12:51: AM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
  • The strand complementary to the antisense strand is called non-template strand, plus (+) strand, sense or coding strand. The sense strand of DNA is same as mRNA except that thymine in DNA is replaced by uracil in RNA.
  • Therefore,

5ˈ ATGGGGCTC 3ˈ .......sense DNA

5ˈ AUGGGGCUC 3ˈ .......sense RNA

  • The DNA strand which functions as a template for the synthesis of RNA is known as template strand, minus (-) strand or antisense strand. The antisense strand is complementary to the sense strand. The antisense strand of DNA is same as mRNA except that thymine in DNA is replaced by uracil in RNA.  

TACCCCGAG 5ˈ.......antisense DNA

UACCCCGAG 3’......antisense RNA

  • The antisense RNA technology works by binding of antisense strand with the targeted sense strand through hydrogen bonds. The double stranded molecule will be recognised as a foreign molecule and will be susceptible to degradation.  
  • Methodology:
    • dsRNAs are processed into approximately 21-23 nucleotide RNAs with two nucleotides.
    • An RNAse enzyme called Dicer cuts the dsRNA molecules into small intefering RNAs (siRNAs).
    • Each siRNA forms complex with ribonucleases to form an RNA induced silencing complex (RISC).
    • The siRNA unwinds and the RISC is activated.
    • The activated RISC targets the complementary mRNA and cuts the transcripts in an area where siRNA binds to the mRNA. This destroys the mRNA.
  • Antisense technology has found vast applications in the treatment of disorders like cancer, development of pest resistance in plants, artificial ripening of Flavr Savr tomatoes, etc.
Answered by Sheetal Kolte | 18 Mar, 2016, 10:57: AM
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