Crop Production And Management Worksheet

Objective Type Questions

1. Complete the chart by arranging the given agricultural practices in the correct sequence.
   (Adding manure and fertilisers, Protection from weeds, Storage of grains, Sowing)
   
   
   
2. Match the terms in column A with appropriate terms in column B.
   
   
   
3. Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate term from those given in the brackets.
   (irrigation, animal husbandry, transplantation, ploughing, broadcasting)
   (a) The process of loosening and turning the soil is called ……………………
   (b) The sowing of seeds by hand is called ……………………
   (c) The process of transferring the seedlings from a nursery to the main field by hand is called ……………………
   (d) The process of supplying water to crop plants in the fields is called ……………………
   (e) The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of domestic animals is called ……………………
   
   Multiple Choice Questions
   
   
4. A group of students visited a field twice in the same year. They observed different crops on each trip as shown below.
   
   Why did they observe different crops?
   (a) Soyabean and groundnut are kharif crops which are sown in the rainy season while
   mustard and pea are rabi crops which are sown in the winter season.
   (b) Soyabean and groundnut are kharif crops which are sown in the winter season while
   mustard and pea are rabi crops which are sown in the rainy season.
   (c) Soyabean and groundnut are rabi crops which are sown in the rainy season while
   mustard and pea are kharif crops which are sown in the winter season.
   (d) Soyabean and groundnut are rabi crops which are sown in the winter season while
   mustard and pea are kharif crops which are sown in the rainy season.
   
   
5. Supriya set up an experiment to study the growth of plants using three different types of soil as shown below.
   
   She planted a bean seed in each of these pots and observed the growth of the plants for 2 months. Her observations are shown below.
   
   What can Supriya conclude from this experiment?
   (a) Earthworms increase the fertility of the soil.
   (b) Compact soil increases the amount of nutrients in the soil.
   (c) Earthworms restrict the growth of the plant by consuming it.
   (d) Loosened soil with no earthworms allows maximum growth of the plant.
   
   
6. A farmer bought some maize seeds from the market. Before sowing the seeds, he placed the seeds in water and stirred the water. After few minutes, the farmer collected the seeds that settled down at the bottom and used them for sowing. What is the likely reason for choosing only these seeds for sowing?
   (a) Seeds at the bottom are heavy which will result in plants with good growth.
   (b) Seeds at the bottom are not damaged which will result in plants that are healthy.
   (c) Seeds at the bottom are light which will result in plants that grow taller.
   (d) Seeds at the bottom absorbed more water which will result in plants with high water absorption capacity.
   
   
7. If one wants to protect his seeds from being consumed by animals, which type of tool should he use for sowing the seeds?
   (a) Seed drill as it coats a chemical over the seeds.
   (b) Traditional tool attached to a plough as many seeds can be sown together.
   (c) Seed drill as it covers the seeds with soil after sowing.
   (d) Traditional tool attached to a plough as seeds pass through a funnel-shaped tube.
   
   
8. Ramesh wishes to restore the nutrients in the soil of his field without spending money on chemical fertilisers. Which natural method he should likely adopt for the replenishment of soil nutrients?
   (a) Sowing seeds that are healthy
   (b) Growing the same crops every year
   (c) Growing different crops alternatively
   (d) Supplying water to the crops at regular intervals
   
   
9. Kamlesh has a crop field in a small village of Rajasthan where there are no lakes, and the area receives very less rainfall. During summers, low availability of water limits the crop production. Which irrigation method should Kamlesh adopt to use water economically?
   (a) Drip system
   (b) Lever system
   (c) Pulley system
   (d) Sprinkler system
   
   
10. Hariya is a farmer who owns a large area of land. Every year he invests plenty of time for harvesting the crop manually using a sickle. Some farmers advised him to take the help of a machine called combine. How will this machine be useful to Hariya?
    (a) The machine includes large sickles that decrease the harvesting time.
    (b) The machine is a harvester as well as a thresher which saves time and energy.
    (c) The machine is a harvester as well as a weed remover which reduces weeds in the field.
    (d) The machine includes sowing process that sows new seeds to replace the harvested crop.
    
    
11. The chart lists some food items.
    
    Which option correctly classifies the source of these food items?
    
    

    	Animal Source	Plant Source
    (a)	honey, eggs, fish oil, cheese, milk	wheat, sunflower oil, beans, pulses, apple
    (b)	honey, eggs, fish oil, sunflower oil, milk	cheese, wheat, beans, pulses, apple
    (c)	honey, eggs, fish oil, sunflower oil, apple	milk, cheese, wheat, beans, pulses
    (d)	sunflower oil, eggs, fish oil, cheese, milk	wheat, honey, beans, pulses, apple

    
    Subjective Questions
    
    
12. A farmer was turning the soil in the field constantly to loosen it. What is the likely reason for this agricultural practice?
    
    
13. Kishan uses three different types of tools as shown below for tilling the soil in three different fields.
    
    (a) Identify A, B and C.
    (b) Kishan recorded the time taken to complete the tilling in each field using the above tools.
    
    Which tool should be used by Kishan to till his fields effectively?
    
    
14. Observe the figures carefully and answer the questions based on them.
    
    (a) Which agricultural practice is carried out using the above tools?
    (b) What precautions should be taken while performing the given agricultural practice?
    (c) Which of these tools saves time and labour?
    
    
15. The below chart lists some characteristics of manures and fertilisers. Categorise them as the characteristics of manures and fertilisers separately.
    
    
    
16. A farmer observed that the growth of weeds in his field reduced the crop yield. What can the farmer do to prevent the growth of weeds without investing money on weedicides? 
    
    Case-Based Questions
    
    
17. India is a vast country wherein the climatic conditions like temperature, humidity and rainfall vary from one region to another. Accordingly, there is a rich variety of crops grown in different parts of the country.
    a) What is the basis for dividing the cropping patterns as kharif and rabi crops?
    (a) Flowering pattern
    (b) Irrigation pattern
    (c) Seasonal conditions
    (d) Time taken to grow
    
    b) The table lists the climatic conditions of an area. Which crop can be sown in such conditions?
    
    (a) Gram
    (b) Wheat
    (c) Maize
    (d) Mustard
    
    c) Which of the following does not fit in the group?
    (a) Maize, cotton, groundnut
    (b) Wheat, gram, pea
    (c) Mustard, linseed, gram
    (d) Mustard, paddy, cotton
    
    
18. Satish grows maize plants in two consecutive seasons in his field. At the same time, Gitesh grows bean plant in one season and maize plant in the next season in his field 2 as shown below. 
    
    a) Whose field is likely to have soil with high nutrients for the growth of new plants in the third season?
    (a) Satish’s field as cultivating same crops every season increases the productivity of the crops
    (b) Gitesh’s field as cultivating different crops reduces the water requirement of crops
    (c) Satish’s field as cultivating the same crops requires same type of nutrients
    (d) Gitesh’s field as cultivating different crops restores the nutrients in the field
    
    b) The method of crop production followed by Gitesh is called
    
    c) Define this method.
    
    Assertion-Reasoning Questions
    
    Below questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
    
19. Assertion (A): Chemical fertilisers should be used carefully and judiciously. 
    Reason (R): Excessive use of chemical fertilisers is harmful for the growth of plants.
    
    
20. Assertion (A): Crops cultivated in sandy soil need more frequent irrigation.
    Reason (R): Sandy soil has poor water retaining capacity.
    
    
21. Assertion (A): Harvested grains must be properly dried in the sun to reduce the moisture in them. 
    Reason (R): Dried mint leaves are used for storing food grains at home.

Objective Type Questions

1. Complete the chart by arranging the given agricultural practices in the correct sequence.
   (Adding manure and fertilisers, Protection from weeds, Storage of grains, Sowing)
   
   
   Solution:
   A - Sowing
   B - Adding manure and fertilisers
   C - Protection from weeds
   D – Storage of grains
   
   
2. Match the terms in column A with appropriate terms in column B.
   
   
   Solution:
   (a) Tilling – ii) Hoe
   (b) Sowing – v) Seed drill
   (c) Weeding – iv) Khurpi
   (d) Harvesting – i) Harvester
   (e) Threshing – iii) Combine
   
   
3. Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate term from those given in the brackets.
   (irrigation, animal husbandry, transplantation, ploughing, broadcasting)
   (a) The process of loosening and turning the soil is called ……………………
   (b) The sowing of seeds by hand is called ……………………
   (c) The process of transferring the seedlings from a nursery to the main field by hand is called ……………………
   (d) The process of supplying water to crop plants in the fields is called ……………………
   (e) The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of domestic animals is called ……………………
   
   Solution:
   (a) Ploughing
   (b) Broadcasting 
   (c) Transplantation 
   (d) Irrigation 
   (e) Animal husbandry
   
   Multiple Choice Questions
   
   
4. A group of students visited a field twice in the same year. They observed different crops on each trip as shown below.
   
   Why did they observe different crops?
   (a) Soyabean and groundnut are kharif crops which are sown in the rainy season while
   mustard and pea are rabi crops which are sown in the winter season.
   (b) Soyabean and groundnut are kharif crops which are sown in the winter season while
   mustard and pea are rabi crops which are sown in the rainy season.
   (c) Soyabean and groundnut are rabi crops which are sown in the rainy season while
   mustard and pea are kharif crops which are sown in the winter season.
   (d) Soyabean and groundnut are rabi crops which are sown in the winter season while
   mustard and pea are kharif crops which are sown in the rainy season.
   
   Correct Option: (a) Soyabean and groundnut are kharif crops which are sown in the rainy season while mustard and pea are rabi crops which are sown in the winter season.
   Solution: Kharif crops are sown in the rainy season from June to September while rabi crops are grown in the winter season from October to March.
   
   
5. Supriya set up an experiment to study the growth of plants using three different types of soil as shown below.
   
   She planted a bean seed in each of these pots and observed the growth of the plants for 2 months. Her observations are shown below.
   
   What can Supriya conclude from this experiment?
   (a) Earthworms increase the fertility of the soil.
   (b) Compact soil increases the amount of nutrients in the soil.
   (c) Earthworms restrict the growth of the plant by consuming it.
   (d) Loosened soil with no earthworms allows maximum growth of the plant.
   
   Correct Option: (a) Earthworms increase the fertility of the soil.
   Solution: The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes present in the soil. These organisms are friends of the farmer since they further turn and loosen the soil and add humus to it.
   
   
6. A farmer bought some maize seeds from the market. Before sowing the seeds, he placed the seeds in water and stirred the water. After few minutes, the farmer collected the seeds that settled down at the bottom and used them for sowing. What is the likely reason for choosing only these seeds for sowing?
   (a) Seeds at the bottom are heavy which will result in plants with good growth.
   (b) Seeds at the bottom are not damaged which will result in plants that are healthy.
   (c) Seeds at the bottom are light which will result in plants that grow taller.
   (d) Seeds at the bottom absorbed more water which will result in plants with high water absorption capacity.
   
   Correct Option: (b) Seeds at the bottom are not damaged which will result in plants that are healthy.
   Solution: The seeds which sink at the bottom are healthy as they are heavy. Seeds which have been partially eaten by pests or damaged by a disease become hollow and light and thus, float on water.
   
   
7. If one wants to protect his seeds from being consumed by animals, which type of tool should he use for sowing the seeds?
   (a) Seed drill as it coats a chemical over the seeds.
   (b) Traditional tool attached to a plough as many seeds can be sown together.
   (c) Seed drill as it covers the seeds with soil after sowing.
   (d) Traditional tool attached to a plough as seeds pass through a funnel-shaped tube.
   
   Correct Option: (c) Seed drill as it covers the seeds with soil after sowing.
   Solution: When the seeds are sown in furrows using a seed drill, the seeds get covered with soil and hence, these seeds cannot be picked up and eaten by birds. This prevents damage caused by birds.
   
   
8. Ramesh wishes to restore the nutrients in the soil of his field without spending money on chemical fertilisers. Which natural method he should likely adopt for the replenishment of soil nutrients?
   (a) Sowing seeds that are healthy
   (b) Growing the same crops every year
   (c) Growing different crops alternatively
   (d) Supplying water to the crops at regular intervals
   
   Correct Option: (c) Growing different crops alternatively 
   Solution: Crop rotation or growing of different crops alternatively in the same field helps to replenish the lost nutrients in the soil and thereby improves the soil fertility.
   
   
9. Kamlesh has a crop field in a small village of Rajasthan where there are no lakes, and the area receives very less rainfall. During summers, low availability of water limits the crop production. Which irrigation method should Kamlesh adopt to use water economically?
   (a) Drip system
   (b) Lever system
   (c) Pulley system
   (d) Sprinkler system
   
   Correct Option: (a) Drip system
   Solution: Drip irrigation system provides water to the plants drop by drop and thus, avoids wastage of water. So, drip system is very useful in regions where the availability of water is poor.
   
   
10. Hariya is a farmer who owns a large area of land. Every year he invests plenty of time for harvesting the crop manually using a sickle. Some farmers advised him to take the help of a machine called combine. How will this machine be useful to Hariya?
    (a) The machine includes large sickles that decrease the harvesting time.
    (b) The machine is a harvester as well as a thresher which saves time and energy.
    (c) The machine is a harvester as well as a weed remover which reduces weeds in the field.
    (d) The machine includes sowing process that sows new seeds to replace the harvested crop.
    
    Correct Option: (b) The machine is a harvester as well as a thresher which saves time and energy.
    Solution: Combine acts as a harvester as well as a thresher. It is a huge machine which cuts the standing crop in the fields, threshes it and separates the chaff from the grain in one operation. This grain is clean and can be directly filled in gunny bags for storage.
    
    
11. The chart lists some food items.
    
    Which option correctly classifies the source of these food items?
     
    

    	Animal Source	Plant Source
    (a)	honey, eggs, fish oil, cheese, milk	wheat, sunflower oil, beans, pulses, apple
    (b)	honey, eggs, fish oil, sunflower oil, milk	cheese, wheat, beans, pulses, apple
    (c)	honey, eggs, fish oil, sunflower oil, apple	milk, cheese, wheat, beans, pulses
    (d)	sunflower oil, eggs, fish oil, cheese, milk	wheat, honey, beans, pulses, apple

    
    Correct Option: (a) 
    

    Animal Source	Plant Source
    honey, eggs, fish oil, cheese, milk	wheat, sunflower oil, beans, pulses, apple

    Solution: Honey is obtained from honeybees, eggs from hen, fish oil from fishes, cheese from milk and milk from goat, cow or sheep. Wheat grains are obtained from wheat plant, sunflower oil from the sunflower plant, beans and pulses from plants and apples from apple tree.
    
    Subjective Questions
    
    
12. A farmer was turning the soil in the field constantly to loosen it. What is the likely reason for this agricultural practice?
    
    Solution:
    Turning and loosening the soil is important for the following reasons:
    • It allows the roots of plants to penetrate deep into the soil.
    • It enables the roots to breathe easily even when they go deep into the soil because of more air spaces available between the soil particles
    • The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes present in the soil. They further turn and loosen the soil and add humus to it.
    • Various nutrients held in the dead organisms are released back into the soil when they are decomposed. Turning and loosening of soil brings the nutrient rich soil to the top so that plants can use these nutrients.
    
    
13. Kishan uses three different types of tools as shown below for tilling the soil in three different fields.
    
    (a) Identify A, B and C.
    (b) Kishan recorded the time taken to complete the tilling in each field using the above tools.
    
    Which tool should be used by Kishan to till his fields effectively?
    
    Solution:
    (a) A – Plough; B – Hoe; C – Cultivator
    (b) As compared to the plough (A) and the hoe (B), the cultivator (C) takes lesser time for tilling the soil in the field. It saves both time and labour. Hence, the farmer should use a cultivator to till his fields effectively.
    
    
14. Observe the figures carefully and answer the questions based on them.
    
    
    (a) Which agricultural practice is carried out using the above tools?
    (b) What precautions should be taken while performing the given agricultural practice?
    (c) Which of these tools saves time and labour?
    
    Solution:
    (a) The given tools- traditional tool and seed drill are used for sowing of seeds in a field.
    (b) Precautions to be taken while sowing of seeds:
    • The seeds should be sown at the right depth in the soil suitable for germination.
    • The seeds should be sown at right intervals or spacings.
    • The seeds should not be sown in a dry soil.
    • The seeds should not be sown in a highly wet soil.
    (c) Sowing of seeds using a tractor-driven seed drill saves time and labour.
    
    
15. The below chart lists some characteristics of manures and fertilisers. Categorise them as the characteristics of manures and fertilisers separately.
    
    
    Solution:
    Characteristics of manures and fertilisers:
    
    
    
16. A farmer observed that the growth of weeds in his field reduced the crop yield. What can the farmer do to prevent the growth of weeds without investing money on weedicides? 
    
    Solution:
    Instead of investing money on weedicides, the farmer can do tilling of the soil to prevent the growth of weeds in the soil. Tilling before sowing of crops helps in uprooting and killing of weeds, which may then dry up and get mixed with the soil.
    
    Case-Based Questions
    
    
17. India is a vast country wherein the climatic conditions like temperature, humidity and rainfall vary from one region to another. Accordingly, there is a rich variety of crops grown in different parts of the country.
    a) What is the basis for dividing the cropping patterns as kharif and rabi crops?
    (a) Flowering pattern
    (b) Irrigation pattern
    (c) Seasonal conditions
    (d) Time taken to grow
    
    b) The table lists the climatic conditions of an area. Which crop can be sown in such conditions?
    
    (a) Gram
    (b) Wheat
    (c) Maize
    (d) Mustard
    
    c) Which of the following does not fit in the group?
    (a) Maize, cotton, groundnut
    (b) Wheat, gram, pea
    (c) Mustard, linseed, gram
    (d) Mustard, paddy, cotton
    
    a) Correct option: (c) Seasonal conditions
    Solution: Based on the season in which they grow, crops are classified into kharif crops and rabi crops.
    
    b) Correct option: (c) Maize
    Solution: Maize is a kharif crop. These crops are grown in the rainy season when there is heavy rainfall, high humidity, and high average temperature. Gram, wheat and mustard are rabi crops.
    
    c) Correct option: (d) Mustard, paddy, cotton
    Solution: Mustard is a rabi crop while paddy and cotton are kharif crops.
    
    
18. Satish grows maize plants in two consecutive seasons in his field. At the same time, Gitesh grows bean plant in one season and maize plant in the next season in his field 2 as shown below. 
    
    a) Whose field is likely to have soil with high nutrients for the growth of new plants in the third season?
    (a) Satish’s field as cultivating same crops every season increases the productivity of the crops
    (b) Gitesh’s field as cultivating different crops reduces the water requirement of crops
    (c) Satish’s field as cultivating the same crops requires same type of nutrients
    (d) Gitesh’s field as cultivating different crops restores the nutrients in the field
    
    b) The method of crop production followed by Gitesh is called
    
    c) Define this method.
    
    a) Correct Option: (d) Gitesh’s field as cultivating different crops restores the nutrients in the field 
    Solution: Growing different crops in the same field alternatively helps to replenish the soil with nutrients, improves the fertility of the soil and increases the production of foodgrains.
    
    b) Crop rotation
    
    c) The practice in which different types of crops are grown alternatively in the same field or soil is called crop rotation.
    
    Assertion-Reasoning Questions
    
    Below questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
    
19. Assertion (A): Chemical fertilisers should be used carefully and judiciously. 
    Reason (R): Excessive use of chemical fertilisers is harmful for the growth of plants.
    
    Correct Option: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
    Solution: Excessive use of chemical fertilisers changes the chemical nature of the soil and makes the soil less fertile. This in turn affects the growth of plants. Hence, chemical fertilizers should be used carefully and judiciously.
    
    
20. Assertion (A): Crops cultivated in sandy soil need more frequent irrigation.
    Reason (R): Sandy soil has poor water retaining capacity.
    
    Correct Option: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
    Solution: Sandy soil is highly porous with high permeability. So, when we irrigate crops in a sandy soil, water quickly percolates down the soil and the crop plants are not able to absorb adequate amount of water. Hence, due to poor water retaining capacity of the sandy soil, crops cultivated in sandy soil need more frequent irrigation.
    
    
21. Assertion (A): Harvested grains must be properly dried in the sun to reduce the moisture in them. 
    Reason (R): Dried mint leaves are used for storing food grains at home.
    
    Correct Option: (c) A is true but R is false.
    Solution: Harvested grains must be properly dried in the sun to reduce the moisture in them. This prevents the attack by insect pests, bacteria, and fungi. Dried neem leaves are used for storing food grains at home.