CBSE Class 10 Biology Revision Notes for Environment
Biology is the study of life. It is the study of living organisms and how they interact with the environment. Biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life, genes as the unit of heredity and evolution as an engine which boosts the formation of new species. The study of life has helped in shaping the world. It has credible answers to why things happen in a scientific manner.
In CBSE Class10 Science, Biology is one of the scoring subjects. Through the CBSE Class 10 Biology Syllabus, you get to learn about life processes, natural resources, environment, control and coordination and reproduction. As your Biology Guide for Class 10 CBSE exams, we provide you with CBSE Class 10 Biology notes to help you understand the concepts.
You will never run out of questions because we have a comprehensive Biology Question Bank for Class 10 CBSE students on TopperLearning. To practice writing answers, you can solve the Biology Sample Paper Class 10 CBSE questions. Score more in the Biology practical Class 10 CBSE sessions with our practical-based Most Important Questions.
You can explore the topics in CBSE Class 10 Biology with our concept videos and perform well in your Biology project for Class 10 CBSE. With visual learning aids such as animations and video explanations, you will be able to tackle questions that involve important diagrams.
Biology Class 10 CBSE curriculum need not be intimidating for you. Our experts make the topics interesting so that you enjoy your learning process and score marks without stress.
We provide students with the best study resources for CBSE Class 10 Biology which are prepared by our academic experts. You can watch video lessons 24*7 at the convenience of home. These video lessons also act as a quick revision tool for students before their exam. Our subject resources for Class 10 CBSE Biology include Textbook Solutions, Sample Papers, Previous Year Papers, Video Lectures, Notes and tests.
Our Environment
Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Wastes
Ecosystem
- An ecosystem is a self-contained area composed of different kinds of organisms which interact with each other as well as with the physical conditions such as sunlight, air, water, soil and climatic factors prevailing in the area.
Types of Ecosystem
Components of an Ecosystem
- An ecosystem consists of two main components: biotic components and abiotic components.
Biotic Components The biotic components are the living components of an ecosystem. They constitute the food-obtaining steps or trophic levels of the ecosystem. |
|
Trophic level I (Green plants/Autotrophs) |
|
Trophic level II (Herbivores/ Primary consumers)
|
|
Trophic level III (Carnivores/ Secondary consumers) |
|
Trophic level IV (Large carnivores/ Tertiary consumers) |
|
Parasites
|
|
Decomposers/ Microconsumers/ Detritivores |
|
Abiotic Components The abiotic components are the non-living components of an ecosystem. |
|
Sunlight |
|
Air |
|
Water |
|
Temperature |
|
Soil |
|
Food Chain
- The sequential process of eating and being eaten is called a food chain.
- A food chain represents the unidirectional transfer of energy.
Energy Flow in a Food Chain
- In a food chain, along with food, transfer of energy also occurs from one trophic level to the other. The flow of energy which occurs along a food chain is called energy flow.
- All the energy used by a living organism is obtained from the Sun. Solar energy enters the living components through the autotrophs or green plants. However, only 1% of the total energy is actually captured by green plants.
- The amount of energy gradually declines as one moves up to the next higher trophic level, because at each level, energy is lost in the form of heat.
- The loss of energy in food chains and the transfer of energy from one trophic level to the other can be explained by the Ten Percent Law which states that, ‘Only 10% of the energy entering a particular trophic level of organisms is available for transfer to the next higher trophic level’.
Significance of Food Chain
- Food chain maintains a check on the population and a balance in the ecosystem.
- Energy in the form of food is continuously transferred between different food chains. This helps to maintain the equilibrium in an ecosystem.
- Food chains help us to understand the interaction and the interdependence of different organisms in an area.
Food Web
- A network of interconnecting food chains in a natural community of different organisms is called a food web.
Significance of Food Web
- Food webs permit alternative foods.
- They ensure a better chance of survival for an organism if any of its food sources is scarce.
Food Pyramid
- A graphical representation of various trophic levels of a food chain in an ecosystem is called an ecological pyramid or a food pyramid.
- Ecological pyramids are of three types:
- Pyramid of numbers
- Pyramid of biomass
- Pyramid of energy
Significance of Food Pyramid
- The trophic levels in a food chain can be explained by a food pyramid.
- The ecological pyramids help us to understand the structure, functional diversity and energy conversion efficiency of ecosystems.
Biomagnification
- Biomagnification or food chain magnification is the phenomenon of increase in the concentration of toxic substances in the bodies of living organisms at each trophic level of a food chain.
- Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), an organochlorine pesticide, cannot be removed by washing or by other means and tends to accumulate in the environment causing biomagnification.
Environmental Problems
Depletion of the Ozone Layer
About the Ozone Layer |
|
Reasons for Ozone Depletion |
|
Effects of Ozone Depletion |
|
Control Measures for Ozone Depletion |
|
Disposal of Wastes
- Disposal of waste means to get rid of waste.
Recycling |
|
Composting |
|
Incineration |
|
Landfills |
|
Sewage Treatment |
|
Role of an Individual in Management of Wastes
- In order to save our environment and maintain ecological balance in nature, the 3R approach should be implemented while using resources. The 3R’s imply reduce, reuse and recycle.
Biology Chapters for Revision Notes
Why choose TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 10 study materials?
Once you have completed studying all the topics as per your study plan, you need to assess your learning progress. Evaluate your progress with our online practice tests. Also, our revisions notes for CBSE Class 10 Biology will surely help you but still if you have any doubts, use the ‘Ask an expert’ feature on TopperLearning to clear your doubts.
TopperLearning has more than 2000 questions for you to practice and excel in your CBSE Class 10 final exams. Think beyond mugging notes, learn concepts to score top marks with TopperLearning.