CBSE Class 10 Answered

Metallic atom loses electrons to attain stable electronic configuration and become a cation.

e.g. Na Na+

2, 8, 1 2, 8

(Neutral) (Cation)

Non-metallic atom gains electrons to attain stable electronic configuration and become an anion.

e.g., Cl Cl–

2, 8, 7 2, 8, 8

(Neutral) (Anion)

Cations and anions are oppositely charged particles, which attract one another to form an electrovalent bond leading to the formation of an electrovalent compound.

Formation of Sodium Chloride

1] Ionic equation

Na - 1e- → Na⁺

(2, 8, 1) (2, 8)

Cl + 1e- → Cl^-

(2, 8, 7) (2, 8, 8)

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Na + Cl → Na⁺ Cl^- → NaCl