NEET Class neet Answered

Halogenation of arenes is an electrophilic substitution reaction. The function of the halogen carrier is to generate 'electrophile' which attacks the benzene ring to form the product.  The Halogen is introduced in the ring at ortho and para positions with respect to the group already present on the ring because halogens are ortho and para directing groups.  For example: chlorination of toluene gives a mixture of ortho and para chlorotoluene because -CH₃ group in toluene is ortho and para directing.