CBSE Class 10 Answered

In molecular geometry, bond length or bond distance is the average distance between nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule.

The angle between two bonds sharing a common atom is known as the bond angle. The distance between the nuclei of bonded atoms is known as bond distance. The geometry of a molecule can be characterized by bond angles and distances.

Bond energy (E) is a measure of bond strength in a chemical bond. For example the carbon-hydrogen bond energy in methane E(C–H) is the enthalpy change involved with breaking up one molecule of methane into a carbon atom and 4 hydrogen radicals divided by 4. Bond energy (E) should not be confused with bond dissociation energy.

Polarity in organic chemistry refers to a separation of charge and can describe a bond or an entire molecule. Experimentally, bond polarity is measured by its dipole moment. Bonds connecting atoms of different electronegativity are polar with a higher density of bonding electrons around the more electronegative atom giving it a partial negative charge (designated as d-). The less electronegative atom has some of its electron density taken away giving it a partial positive charge (d+).