CBSE Class 7 Answered

Hi Ananya,

Spore formation in bread mould:

Fungi such as bread moulds reproduce by spore formation. They produce tiny, dust-like cells called spores in large numbers. In the presence of appropriate temperature and moisture conditions, these spores land on a suitable place, germinate and give rise to new hyphae. Since the spores are ubiquitous, produced in large numbers and difficult to eliminate from the environment, it is very useful for moulds to reproduce by spore formation.   

Spore formation in fern:

Reproduction by spore formation is very much useful in case of non-flowering plants such as ferns which do not produce seeds. Production of spores does not require any kind of mating process and can be produced by simple cellular reproduction. There is no requirement for pollination. Production of spores in large numbers and the varied mechanisms of spore dispersal enable these spores to germinate even in extreme environmental conditions.