Everything related to functional groups and placing of different functional groups in the structure along with their examples of being used in different compounds structures?(thank you)
Asked by Amarnath
| 14th Jan, 2016,
07:55: PM
Functional Groups
- All organic compounds are derivatives of hydrocarbons.
- Derivatives are obtained by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by some other atom or group of atoms called functional groups.
- The new set of compounds is formed after replacement has functions different from the parent hydrocarbon.
- Definition: An atom or a group of atoms present in the molecules, which determines the characteristics property of the organic compounds, is called the functional group.
Functional group
General formulae
Organic compound
Suffix
Examples with common & IUPAC name
Halide-X
(F,Cl,Br,I)
R-X
Haloalkanes
-ane
CH3Cl
Common name: Methyl chloride
IUPAC name: Chloromethane
Hydroxyl-OH
R-OH
Alcohols
-ol
C2H5OH
Common name : Ethyl alcohol
IUPAC name: Ethanol
Aldehyde-CHO

Aldehydes
-al
CH3CHO
Common name: Acetaldehyde
IUPAC name: Ethanal
Carboxyl-COOH

Carboxylic acids
-oic acid
CH3CH2COOH
Common name: Propionic acid
IUPAC name: Propanoic acid
Keto


Ketones
-one
CH3COC2H5
Common name: Diethyl ketone
IUPAC name: Pentanone
Ethers

R-O-R’
Ethers
-oxy
CH3 – O – C2H5
Common name: Ethyl methyl ether
IUPAC name: Methoxy ethane
Nomenclature of Functional groups
Answered by Hanisha Vyas
| 15th Jan, 2016,
02:56: PM
Functional Groups
- All organic compounds are derivatives of hydrocarbons.
- Derivatives are obtained by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by some other atom or group of atoms called functional groups.
- The new set of compounds is formed after replacement has functions different from the parent hydrocarbon.
- Definition: An atom or a group of atoms present in the molecules, which determines the characteristics property of the organic compounds, is called the functional group.
Functional group |
General formulae |
Organic compound |
Suffix |
Examples with common & IUPAC name |
Halide-X (F,Cl,Br,I) |
R-X |
Haloalkanes |
-ane |
CH3Cl Common name: Methyl chloride IUPAC name: Chloromethane |
Hydroxyl-OH |
R-OH |
Alcohols |
-ol |
C2H5OH Common name : Ethyl alcohol IUPAC name: Ethanol |
Aldehyde-CHO |
|
Aldehydes |
-al |
CH3CHO Common name: Acetaldehyde IUPAC name: Ethanal |
Carboxyl-COOH |
|
Carboxylic acids |
-oic acid |
CH3CH2COOH Common name: Propionic acid IUPAC name: Propanoic acid |
Keto |
|
Ketones |
-one |
CH3COC2H5 Common name: Diethyl ketone IUPAC name: Pentanone |
Ethers |
R-O-R’ |
Ethers |
-oxy |
CH3 – O – C2H5 Common name: Ethyl methyl ether IUPAC name: Methoxy ethane |
Nomenclature of Functional groups
Answered by Hanisha Vyas
| 15th Jan, 2016,
02:56: PM
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