Class 10 FRANK Solutions Physics Chapter 6.2: Nuclear Fission and Fusion
Nuclear Fission and Fusion Exercise 265
Solution 1
No. of neutrons = Atomic mass - No. of protons
Thus,
n = A - Z
n = 238 - 92 = 146
Solution 2
Neutrons are uncharged particles in the nucleus of an atom.
Solution 3
The process of splitting of heavy nuclei into lighter nuclei when bombarded with low energy neutrons is called nuclear fission.
Nuclear fission can be controlled or uncontrolled.
Solution 4
In controlled fission reaction, out of 3 neutrons released in nuclear fission, 2 neutrons are absorbed and one neutron is available to cause fission so that nuclear reaction takes place at a steady rate and slows down.
Solution 5
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Nuclear Fission |
Nuclear fusion |
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In fission reactions, a heavy nucleus is split into two nuclei with smaller mass numbers. |
In fusion reactions, two light nuclei are combined to form a heavier, more stable nucleus. |
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The amount of energy required to split two atoms in a fission reaction is less as compared to fusion reaction. |
A tremendous large amount of energy is required to bring two or more protons close enough to overcome their electrostatic force of repulsion. |
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Tremendous large amount of energy is released by fission reactions; but lower than the energy released by nuclear fusion. |
The energy released by fusion reactions is three to four times greater than the energy released by fission reaction. |
Solution 6
The process in which the two lighter nuclei fuse to form a stable heavier nucleus with the liberation of large amount of energy is called nuclear fusion.
Solution 7
The sun generates energy from a process called nuclear fusion.
Hydrogen nuclei in the interior of the Sun under high temperature and pressure fuse together to form nuclei.
Solution 8
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Controlled nuclear fission |
Uncontrolled nuclear fission |
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A controlled chain reaction is a chain of nuclear reactions that take place subsequently under controlled conditions. |
An uncontrolled chain reaction is a chain of nuclear reactions that take place subsequently, but not under controlled conditions. |
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In a controlled nuclear fission, out of 3 neutrons released, 2 neutrons are absorbed and the one neutron is available to induce fission process so that nuclear reaction takes place at steady rate and slows down. |
In an uncontrolled process, all the neutrons are allowed to cause a fission and the reaction continues exponentially. This is a chain reaction. |
