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Class 10 FRANK Solutions Chemistry Chapter 9: A - Ammonia

Revise your Chemistry lessons effectively with Frank Solutions for ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 9 A – Ammonia. TopperLearning’s solutions will guide you on how to explain the solubility of ammonia in water. Revise the equations for the action of heat on ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride. Also, relearn the uses of ammonium chloride.

Our ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Frank Solutions will also help you with understanding the difference between liquid ammonia and liquid ammonia fortis. To study more about ammonia, you can browse through our Selina Solutions, concept videos and other learning materials.

Ammonia Exercise 219

Solution 1

Ammonia is found both in free state and in combined state. In free state, it is formed in traces amount by decaying urine and other organic matter.
In combined state, ammonia is found as ammonium salts mainly as ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate.

Solution 2

(a) (i) Liquid ammonia - Compressed ammonia gas at 6 atmospheric pressure. Chemical formula - NH3
(ii) Liquor ammonia - It is saturated solution of ammonia in water. It is very dilute solution of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH).
(b) A saturated solution of ammonia in water is called liquor ammonia Fortis.

Solution 3

Solution 4

Ammonia Exercise 220

Solution 5

Solution 6

Solution 7

Solution 8

(i) Liquid ammonia is used as refrigerant as:
(a) It is highly volatile
(b) It has high specific latent heat of vaporization. 1 mole (17g) of liquid ammonia vaporises by absorbing 5.7 kcals of heat from the surroundings, which is there by cooled.
(c) It easily liquefies under pressure at room temperature.
(ii) Ammonia emulsifies fats and grease. Thus it is used to clean oils, fats and body grease etc. from clothes.
(iii) Liquid hydrogen is dangerous to transport as it is highly combustible. Thus, hydrogen is converted to liquid ammonia and transported in cylinders. Later it is catalytically converted to hydrogen.
Key: Uses of ammonia

Solution 9

Solution 10

Solution 11

Solution 12

Solution 13

Solution 14

Solution 15

Ammonia Exercise 221

Solution 16

Solution 17

Solution 18

Solution 19

Solution 20

(a) (i) Use of Ammonium Chloride

Used in Leclanche cell and dry cell
(ii) Use of Ammonium Sulphate
Used as a fertilizer
(iii)use of Ammonium nitrate
Used in fireworks
(i) Use of Ammonium Carbonate
Used in baking powder
(b) Test of ammonia and ammonium ions:
(i) Ammonia gas has a characteristic pungent smell
(ii) A glass rod dipped in concentrated hydrochloric acid and is introduced into the gas produces thick white fumes of ammonium chloride.

Solution 21

Solution 22

Solution 23

A chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic compound which contains carbon, chlorine and fluorine produced as a volatile derivative of methane and ethane.

Pure ammonia gas is highly toxic to humans and would pose a threat if the refrigerator were to leak. Hence, CFCs became popular as a substitute of ammonia as a refrigerant.

Solution 24

(i) Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (CF3CHCl2)

(ii) Hyrofluorocarbon (HFC)

Ammonia Exercise 222

Solution 25

(i) Slacked lime

(ii) NCl3, HCl

(iii) K2HgI4

(iv) Cu and N2

(v) Haber's process

(vi) High heat of vaporisation

(vii) To increase the activity of the catalyst

Solution 1992-1

Silver chloride

Solution 1992-2

Ammonia is highly soluble gas in water and so cannot be collected over water.

Solution 1992-3

Ammonia is the odd one out.
Ammonia forms weakly basic solution when dissolved in water.
The others give acidic solution when dissolved in water.

Solution 1992-4

Solution 1992-5

(i) Ammonia is used in the manufacture of fertilisers such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, etc.
(ii) It is used in the industrial preparation of nitric acid by Ostwald's process.

Solution 1993-1

Solution 1993-2

Ammonia Exercise 223

Solution 1994-1

Solution 1994-2

Solution 1994-3

Solution 1995-1

The cation is Cu2+ ion. Solution B is copper sulphate. It is bright blue in colour.

Solution 1995-2

Three ways to identify ammonia gas:
1. It is a pungent smell gas.
2. It gives white precipitate when bubbles through a solution of lead nitrate.
3. It gives a brown colour or precipitate when treated with Nessler's reagent.

Solution 1995-3

Solution 1995-4

This reaction shows that ammonia is a reducing agent.

Solution 1995-5

This process is called as Ostwald's Process .The catalyst used is platinum.

Solution 1995-6

During laboratory preparation of ammonia, it is passed through a drying tower containing quicklime (calcium oxide).
Ammonia is collected in an inverted dry gas jar by the downward displacement of air.

Solution 1995-7

Ammonia gas

Solution 1996-1

Ammonia forms ammonium hydroxide and turns red litmus blue as it is alkaline in nature.

Solution 1996-2

Solution 1996-3

Haber's process is used in industrial preparation of ammonia.
Gaseous inputs in Haber's process are dry nitrogen and dry hydrogen gas. They are mixed in the ratio of 1:3 by volume.
The following conditions favour maximum yield of ammonia:
(a) Low temperature
(b) High pressure
(c) Use of catalyst
The gases after reaction pass through condensing pipes of cooling chamber where ammonia gets liquefied and is collected in receiver.
Ammonia can also be collected by downward displacement of air.

Solution 1997-1

Ammonia Exercise 224

Solution 1997-2

Solution 1998-1

Dry ammonia are neutral to litmus. An aqueous solution of ammonia turns red litmus blue stating that it is basic in nature.

Solution 1998-2

Ammonium salts are used as fertilizers in fields.

Solution 1998-3

Solution 1998-4

Solution 1998-5

Solution 1999-1

(i) Ammonia
(ii) Nitrogen

Solution 2001-1

Ammonia

Solution 2001-2

Solution 2001-3

Solution 2001-4

Aqueous solution is acidic in nature due to presence of hydrogen ion.
Aqueous solution of ammonia is weakly basic in nature due to presence of hydroxyl ion.

Solution 2002-1

Solution 2002-2

Thermal dissociation.

Ammonia Exercise 225

Solution 2003-1

Solution 2003-2

Ammonia is collected by downward displacement of air.

Solution 2003-4

Quick lime (calcium oxide) is used as a drying agent for ammonia.

Solution 2004-1

Solution 2004-2

Solution 2005-1

Solution 2005-2

Solution 2006-1

Solution 2006-2

Solution 2007-1

By the pungent smell of ammonia gas.

Solution 2007-2

Solution 2003-3

Ammonia is highly soluble in water and so it is not collected over water.

Ammonia Exercise 226

Solution 2008-1

(c) Magnesium nitride

Solution 2010-1

Solution 2010-2

(i) Ammonia burns with a yellowish flame. It produces water vapour and nitrogen.

(ii) When ammonium hydroxide is brought near the mouth of concentrated hydrochloric acid, it produces dense white fumes of ammonium chloride.

Solution 2010-3

(i) Haber's process

(ii) 1 part of nitrogen and 3 parts of hydrogen

(iii) Finely divided iron (Fe)

(iv) 

(v) 

Solution 2010-4

(i) Ammonia and hydrogen chloride gas

(ii) High solubility of gases in water

Ammonia Exercise 227

Solution 2011-1

(i) Ammonia

(ii)   

(iii) By downward displacement of air

(iv) Quicklime/CaO

(v) Bring moist red litmus paper to the mouth of the inverted jar; it immediately turns blue.

Or

Bring a glass rod dipped in hydrochloric acid to the

mouth of the inverted jar. If it produces dense white

fumes, then the jar is full of gas.

Solution 2013-1

Name of the process

Temperature

Catalyst

Equation for the catalyzed reaction

Haber's Process

450-500oC

Finely divided iron (Fe)

 

Solution 2013-2

(a) 

(b) C + 4HNO3→ CO2 + 2H2O + 4NO2 

Solution 2014-1

(i) Hydroxyl (OH-) ion other than ammonium ion

(ii) Red litmus turns blue, methyl orange turns yellow and phenolphthalein turns pink.

Solution 2015-1

(i) 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2→ CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3

(ii) NH3 + 3Cl2→ NCl3 + 3HCl

(nitrogen trichloride)

(iii) 2NH3+H2SO4→ (NH4)2SO4

(ammonium sulphate)

Ammonia Exercise 228

Solution 2016-1

(i) Ammonia

(ii) Nitrogen

Solution 2016-2

(i) 8NH3 + 3Cl2→ N2 + 6NH4Cl 

(ii) 3PbO + 2NH3 →3Pb + 3H2O + N2 

Solution 2017-1

(i) Cation that does not form a precipitate with ammonium hydroxide but forms one with sodium hydroxide: Ca2+

(ii) A solid formed by a reaction of two gases, one of which is acidic and the other basic in nature: Salt 

Solution 2017-2

(i) 3CuO + 3NH3→ 3Cu + 3H2O + N2↑ 

(ii) 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3↑ 

(iii)   

Solution 2017-3

Since ammonia is not a supporter of combustion, it extinguishes a burning splint and does not burn in air.

Solution 2017-4

 

(i) A = NaHSO4 + HCl

 B = upward displacement of air

 

(ii)  C = Mg3N2 + H2O

  D = quicklime

  E = downward displacement of air

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