FRANK Solutions for Class 10 Biology Chapter 10 - Endocrine System

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Chapter 10 - Endocrine System 128

Solution 1
(i) Pituitary gland
(ii) Somatotrophin
(iii) Thyroxine
(iv) Pancreas
(v) Liver
(vi) Adrenal gland
(vii) Adenohypophysis
(viii) Neurohypophysis
(ix) Thyroxine
Solution 2
(i) Somatotrophic Hormone - It is essential for the normal growth of an organism.
(ii) Thyroid stimulating hormone - It stimulates the activity as well as the growth of thyroid glands.
(iii) Adrenocorticotrophic hormone - It stimulates the activity of adrenal cortex.
(iv) Gonadotrophic hormone - It promotes the growth of ovarian follicles in females and the growth of sperms in males.
(v) Insulin hormone - It lowers the blood sugar level.
(vi) Corpus luteum - It secretes progesterone.
(vii) Glucagon hormone - It raises the blood sugar level.
Solution 3
(i) Insulin
(ii) STH
(iii) Islets of Langerhans
(iv) STH
(v) Insulin
Solution 4
(i) FSH - Follicle stimulating hormone
(ii) LTH - Luteotropic hormone
Solution 5

Chapter 10 - Endocrine System 129

Solution 10
(i) Diabetes mellitus - Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the deficiency of insulin hormone.
(ii) Beta cells - Beta cells are the cells of pancreas that secrete insulin.
(iii) Exophthalmic goitre - The over activity of thyroid gland leads to its enlargement, producing a big swelling in the neck region called exophthalmic goiter.  
(iv) Releasing hormones - A substance produced by the hypothalamus that is capable of accelerating the secretion of a given hormone by the anterior pituitary gland.
Solution 11

Solution 12
Insulin secreted by pancreas controls the level of glucose in blood.
Solution 13
Adrenaline is called an emergency hormone because it brings rapid physiological responses to emergencies like danger, fear or other situations requiring vigorous action.
Solution 14

Solution 15

Solution 16
(i) Exophthalmic goitre - It is caused due to over activity of thyroid gland.
Symptoms are - Enlargement and protrusion of the gland below the chin, increased pulse rate, nervousness and bulging of the eyes.
(ii) Diabetes mellitus - It is caused due to less secretion of the insulin hormone.
Symptoms are - Frequent urination, Sudden weight gain or weight loss, Excessive thirst and hunger.
Solution 17
In hilly region, water has less iodine which is required for the production of thyroxine. So due to the deficiency of thyroxine, people suffer from goiter.
Solution 18
Insulin is a protein hormone and if it is given orally it would be digested upon by the protein digesting enzymes in the alimentary canal.
Solution 19
(i) The endocrine cells present in pancreas are: alpha cells, beta cells and delta cells.
(ii) Insulin and glucagon.
(iii) Insulin - It lowers the glucose level in the blood.
Glucagon - It raises the level of glucose in the blood.
Solution 20
(i) Adrenaline
(ii) Insulin
(iii) Glucagon
(iv) Thyroxine
(v) Calcitonin
(vi) Adrenaline
(vii) Growth stimulating hormone
(viii) Sex corticoids
(ix) Antidiuretic hormone
(x) Non adrenaline
Solution 6
(i) (b)
(ii) (c)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (e)
(v) (d)
Solution 7
(i) True
(ii) False
(iii) False
(iv) False
(v) False
Solution 8
(i) Hormone - The secretions of endocrine glands which are carried by blood to the target organs are called hormones.
(ii) Endocrine gland - The glands without ducts which secrete hormones are called endocrine glands.
(iii) Exocrine gland - The glands with ducts which secrete enzymes are called exocrine glands.
(iv) Hypothyroidism - It is the under secretion of thyroxine by thyroid gland which leads to retarded growth and mental development in infants.
(v) Hyperglycemia - Increase in blood sugar level is called hyperglycemia.
(vi) Hypersecretion - The over activity of any gland leads to over secretion of hormones called hypersecretion.
Solution 9

Chapter 10 - Endocrine System 130

Solution 21
(i) (b) Diabetes
(ii) (b) Adrenal gland
(iii) (d) Pancreas
(iv) (b) Gigantism
(v) (a) Insulin
(vi) (b) Liver
(vii) (c) Target
(viii) (c) under secretion of insulin
(ix) (a) beta cells of pancreas
(x) (d) glucagon
(xi) (c) progesterone