CBSE Class 10 Answered

The middle class stood for ‘liberalism’. Liberalism in political terms stood for equality, freedom, formation and working of government by consent. In the economic field, liberalism advocated the freedom of markets and the abolition of unjust duties on the movement of goods from one territory to the other. This led to the beginning of economic nationalism in Europe which also contributed to the rise of nationalism.

In social field, liberlism stood for modernisation, equal rights for both men and women. dignity and independence of citizens. This was possible only after fundamental rights and principles of justice, liberty and equality were granted to citizens. Liberalism also stood for toleration of various cultures and other differences in the society.