CBSE Class 9 Answered

Charles Darwin was a scientist who is best known for his contributions to the theory of evolution. He outlined that all species are developed through the process of natural selection.

Darwin never advocated any kind of human interference in the process of natural selection. However, his theory was used by Hitler to validate his conquests of other countries.

Later, the term, ‘Survival of the fittest’ was formulated by Herbert Spencer. He advocated the idea that only those species which can adapt themselves to the changing climatic conditions can survive on the earth. Hitler used this idea to justify his dislike for the Jews and other races. He argued that the Aryans were the purest of all races, and thus they need to be stronger to dominate the world. He contended that all other weak races like that of the Jews would not be able to survive. It was on the pretext of this idea that he carried out the extermination of the Jews and Gypsies.