CBSE Class 10 Answered

Liberlism: The term ‘liberalism’ derives from the Latin root liber, meaning free. For the new middle classes liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law. Politically, it emphasised the concept of government by consent. Since the French Revolution, liberalism had stood for the end of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and representative government through parliament. Nineteenth-century liberals also stressed the inviolability of private property.

 

Conservatism: They believed in traditional institutions like the church and monarchy. In 1815, after the defeat of France, the conservatives