CBSE Class 10 Answered

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process by which an egg is fertilised by a sperm outside the body (test-tube baby).

The following techniques are included in IVF:

ZIFT: In ZIFT (Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer), sperm from a donor male and ova from a donor female are fused in the laboratory. The zygote so formed is transferred into the fallopian tube when the blastomere is at 8-celled stage.

IUT: In IUT (Intra Uterine Transfer), embryos with more than 8 blastomeres are transferred into the uterus.

GIFT: In GIFT (Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer), females who cannot produce ovum, but can provide suitable conditions for fertilisation of the ovum, are provided with ovum from a donor.

ICSI: In ICSI (Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection), sperm is directly injected into the cytoplasm of the ovum.

Artificial insemination: In this technique, semen collected from the husband or a donor is injected into the vagina or the uterus. This cures infertility arising from the inability of the male partner to ejaculate or due to low sperm count.