CBSE Class 10 Answered

There are three types of solutions. Isontonic solutions, Hypotonic solutions and Hypertonic solutions. Each type of solution have different chemical properties.First one is Isotonic Solutions. Isotonic solution are those solutions, which have the same osmotic pressure, 0.9% NaCl is isosmotic with the human blood plasma.If human red blood cells are placed in this solution, they remain intact and retain their original shape and volume.

0.9% NaCl is therefore isotonic as well as isosmotic with red blood cell because the amount of water entering ht cells is equal to that leaving them and there is no net gain or loss of water by the cells.

The solutions which are less concentrated than 0.9% NaCl are called hypotonic solutions.
If human red blood cells are placed in this solution, the water will enter the cell making them swollen and if the solution is very dilute the cells will rupture releasing their HB in the solution (hemolysis).

Third and the last ones are Hypertonic Solutions. The solutions which are more concentrated than 0.9% NaCl are called hypertonic solutions. If the human red blood cells are placed in this solution, the water will leave the cells and the cells shrink.