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As we known torque on earth due to  centre of sun is zero so we says angular momentum of earth is conserved about sun but at instant some other force also act on earth by other planet which can create torque on earth about sun.so how is momentum is conserved while external force is acting
Asked by ashutosharnold1998 | 20 Jul, 2019, 19:58: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
Net force (gravitational) acting on the earth due to other planets is negligible as explained below.
Since torque is proportional to force, net torque acting on earth due to other planet is also negligible.
 
Net force due to other planets is negligible, because force due to each planet is proportional to mass of that planet
and distance between that planet and earth.
 
Table below shows the mass of planets and distance from sun to each planet

 
we can compare the mass of each planet with mass of sun which is the order of 1030 kg .
we can estimate the distance between earth and other planets compare to the distance between earth and sun.
Also the position of different planets from earth is at different direction, hence the force also in different directions.
Due to all these factors, net force and torque actin on earth due to other planets is negligible .
Hence conservation of angular momentum of earth about sun will not be affected due to other planets
Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 22 Jul, 2019, 11:33: AM

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