ICSE Class 9 Answered
Layer of the skin |
Structures found |
Functions |
Epidermis |
Melanocytes |
Produces melanin responsible for the skin tone and colour |
Nerve endings |
Contains sensory nerve cells or receptors which are sensitive to heat and cold |
|
Cells of Langerhans |
Prevents the entry of foreign substances inside the skin |
|
Stratum corneum |
Forms the outermost layer of the skin which contains keratin. It protects the underlying deeper layers of the skin from mechanical damage, bacterial infections and from loss of water or dehydration |
|
Keratinocytes |
Synthesises protein keratin which forms the protective layer of the skin |
|
Stratum lucidum |
Offers extra protection |
|
Stratum granulosum |
Helps in the formation of keratin |
|
Stratum spinosum |
Living cells that make Vitamin D in sunlight |
|
Stratum basale |
Makes brown pigment melanin |
|
Dermis |
Collagen fibres |
Responsible for structural support |
Elastin fibres |
Responsible for the resilience of the skin |
|
Fibroblast cells |
Synthesise collagen, elastin and other structural molecules of the skin |
|
Blood vessels |
Provide oxygen and nourishment to the skin |
|
Lymph nodes |
Protect the skin from the attack of microbes |
|
Sebacoues glands, sweat glands, hair follicles, nerves and muscle fibres |
Produce sebum for the lubrication of the skin |