Class 6 NCERT Solutions Geography Chapter 2: Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes

(a) The shape of the earth is like a sphere; however, it is not a perfect sphere. It is slightly flattened at the North and the South Poles and has a bulge in the centre.

(b) Globe is a small spherical model which serves as a miniature form of the earth.

(c) The Tropic of Cancer lies at 23½º North of the equator.

(d) The three heat zones of the Earth are:

           (i) Torrid Zone

           (ii) Temperate Zone

          (iii) Frigid Zone

(e) Parallels of Latitude – These are all the imaginary parallel circles from the equator to the poles.

Meridian of Longitude – These are imaginary set of semi-circle lines that run from North Pole to South Pole.

(f) Torrid Zone receives the maximum amount of heat because:

          (i) This zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.

         (ii) The mid-day sun exactly falls overhead in this area.

         (iii) Sun rays falling exactly overhead gives out more heat than slanting sun rays.

(g) It is 5.30 p.m. in India while 12.00 noon in London because:

1. London is situated at 0º longitude whereas time of 82½º E longitude is used as standard time in India.
2. Between the longitude of London and the Standard Meridian of India (82½º E), there is a difference of 82½º.
3. The time in India is ahead of London since time is measured 4 minutes ahead at every longitude heading east.

(a) The Tropic of Capricorn is located at 23 ½^o south of the Equator.

(b) The Standard Meridian of India is 82½^o E.

(c) The 0^o Meridian is also known as the Prime Meridian.

(d) The distance between the longitudes decreases towards the poles.

(e) The Arctic Circle is located in the Northern hemisphere.