Class 10 NCERT Solutions English Chapter 7 - Glimpses of India

The elders in Goa are nostalgic about the good old Portuguese days, the Portuguese, and their famous loaves of bread.

Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa. The author says that the mixers, moulders, and those who bake the loaves are still present in Goa. The age-old, time-tested furnaces still exists and their fires have not been extinguished.  The 'thud'  and 'jingle'  of the  traditional baker's bamboo, marking his arrival in the morning, is still  heard in some places. Baking is a family profession, that is carried out generation after generation.

The baker came atleast twice every day, once when he set out in the morning on his selling round, and then again, when he returned after emptying his huge basket. The children ran to meet him not because of their love of the loaf, which was bought by the maid-servant of the house. They actually longed for  the bread-bangles, which they chose carefully. Sometimes, it was a sweet bread of special make.

(i)    as marriage gifts?                             -    sweet bread called bol 

(ii)   for a party or a feast?                        -    bread 

(iii)  for a daughter’s engagement?             -    sandwiches 

(iv)  for Christmas?                                   -    cakes and bolinhas

(i) In the Portuguese days, bakers or bread-sellers had a peculiar dress known as the kabai. It was a single-piece long frock reaching down to the knees.
(ii) When the author was young, he saw bakers wearing a shirt and trousers, which were shorter than full-length ones and longer than half pants.

Anyone who wears a half-pant  which  reaches just  below  the  knees  invites  the comment "he is dressed like a pader". This was so because  bakers were known as ‘pader’ and they wore such half pants.

The monthly accounts of the baker were recorded on some wall in pencil.

A 'jackfruit-like appearance' means a plump physique. Such a physique was linked to the bakers because they never starved. Baking was a profitable  profession. The baker, his family, and his servants always looked happy and prosperous and had a 'jackfruit-like appearance'.

(i)The pader was an important person in the village in old times.
Correct
(ii) Paders still exist in Goan villages.
Correct
(iii)The paders went away with the Portuguese.
Incorrect. The paders still exist in Goan villages.
(iv)The paders continue to wear a single-piece long frock.
Incorrect. The paders wear shirts, and trousers that are shorter than full- length ones and longer than half pants.
(v)Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in the old days.
Incorrect. Bread and cakes are still an integral part of Goan life.
(vi)Traditional bread-baking is still a very profitable business.
Correct
(vii)Paders and their families starve in the present times.
Incorrect. Baking is still a very profitable business in Goa.

Bread is an important part of Goan life. Marriage gifts are meaningless without the sweet bread known as the bol. For a party, bread is a must, while for  Christmas, cakes and bolinhas are a must. Sandwiches must be prepared by  the lady of the house on her daughter's engagement. The author says that  everybody loves the fragrance of loaves. The elders were given loaves and the children were given bread- bangles, which they longed for. Also, the fact that baking is a profitable profession shows that the love for bread is enormous in Goa.

(i)
The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker's bamboo can still be heard in some places.
Nostalgic
(ii)
Maybe the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession.
Nostalgic/hopeful
(iii)
I still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves.
Nostalgic
(iv)
The tiger never brushed his teeth. Hot tea could wash and clean up everything so nicely, after all.
Funny
(v)
Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals.
Matter-of-fact
(vi)
The baker and his family never starved. They always looked happy and prosperous.
Matter-of-fact

Coorg or Kodagu is the smallest district of Karnataka, located midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore.

According to the author, the fiercely independent people of Coorg are  possibly  of Greek or Arabic descent. A part of Alexander's army moved south along the coast. They settled there when return became impractical. These people married amongst the locals and their culture is evident in the martial traditions, marriage and religious rites, which are distinct from the Hindu mainstream. The Kodavus wear a long, black coat, with an embroidered waist-belt, known as kuppia. It resembles the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds, hence supporting the theory of their Arab origin.

(i)The people of Coorg are fiercely independent.  They are of Greek or Arabic descent. They have a tradition of hospitality. They enjoy recounting numerous tales of valour related to their sons and fathers. Kodavus are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a license. The author has described the people of Coorg as a proud race of martial men and beautiful women. The men wear a long black coat with an embroidered waist belt called the kuppia.
(ii) Coffee is the main crop of Coorg. The coffee estates stand tucked under  tree canopies in prime corners.
(iii) The sports that Coorg offers to tourists are river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, mountain biking, and trekking.
(iv) The animals that one is likely to see in Coorg are birds, bees, butterflies, macaques, Malabar squirrels, langurs, slender loris, and wild elephants.
(v) The distance between Coorg and Bangalore is around 260 km. There are two routes to Coorg from Bangalore and both are of the same distance. The most frequented route is the one via Mysore. The other route is via Neelamangal, Kunigal, and Chanrayanapatna.

(i) culture           : unique culture, ancient culture
(ii) monks          : serious monks
(iii) surprise        : unique surprise, terrible surprise, unforgettable surprise
(iv) experience    : unique experience,  terrible experience, unforgettable experience
(v) weather         : terrible weather
(vi) tradition        : unique tradition, ancient tradition

(i) keep many visitors away
(ii) as one story goes
(iii)are more than willing to recount
(iv) the most laidback individuals become converts to
(v) draws support from
(vi) keep a watchful eye

From the text
(i) tales of valour
(ii) coastal town
(iii) a piece of heaven
(iv) evergreen rainforests
(v)  coffee plantations
(vi)  rope bridge
(vii) wild elephants Other than the text (i) tales of morality (ii)coastal food
(iii)a piece of cake (iv)evergreen hero (v)crop plantations
(vi)sturdy bridge
(vii)wild beasts

(i)A heavy downpour has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
(ii)Rakesh will undergo major surgery tomorrow morning.
(iii)My brother is responsible for the upkeep of our family property.
(iv)The dropout rate for this accountancy course is very high.
(v)She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a walk-in interview.

(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow the Government.
(ii)Scientists are on the brink of a major breakthrough in cancer research.
(iii)The State Government plans to build a by-pass for Bhubaneswar to speed  up traffic on the main highway.
(iv) Gautama's outlook on life changed when he realized that the world is  full  of sorrow.
(v)Rakesh seemed unusually downcast after the game.

(i) a good detective serial on television? Interesting
(ii) a debate on your favourite topic 'Homework Should Be Banned'? Exciting
(iii) how you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain? Bored
(iv) how you feel when you open a present? Excited
(v) how  you  feel  when  you  watch  your  favourite  programme  on  television? Interested
(vi) the look on your mother's face as you waited in a queue? Tired
(vii) how you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest? Thrilled
(viii) the story you have recently read, or a film you have see? Boring