ICSE Class 9 Answered
why the earth moves fastest when it is in perihelion
Asked by cavajit | 20 Sep, 2018, 08:07: PM
Expert Answer
Kepler's second law states, "As the planet moves in its orbit, a line from the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times." Orbit of the earth is elliptical. When there is minimum distance between the earth and the Sun, it is known as Perihelion .Gravity is a central force. That means there will always be a force (and thus an acceleration) towards the sun, from the planet. Because the planet is moving about the sun, the relationship between the direction of that acceleration and the velocity of the planet will continually change. As the planet moves away from the sun, the acceleration will decelerate it and as the planet moves towards the sun, the acceleration will accelerate it. So, we can see that at aphelion, the planet will be traveling its slowest and at perihelion it will be traveling its fastest.
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