CBSE Class 9 Answered

Ans. Hitler believed in the racial supremacy of the Aryans. According to the theory of racial supremacy, only the Nordic German Aryans were supreme in society. The Jews were placed in the lowest strata of society. The Jews were regarded as the fiercest enemies of the German Aryans. The Nazis also sought to eliminate physically disabled Germans, the Gypsies and the black Germans.

Hitler dismantled democracy in the following ways;

• After becoming the Chancellor of Germany, under the Fire Decree of 28 February 1933, Hitler indefinitely suspended civic rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly that had been guaranteed by the Weimar constitution.
• He then singled out the Communists, most of whom were sent to the newly established concentration camps.
• On 3 March 1933, Hitler passed the famous Enabling Act which established dictatorship in Germany. The Act gave Hitler all powers to rule by decree and sideline the Parliament.
• All political parties and trade unions except for the Nazi Party and its affiliate were banned.
• Special surveillance and security forces were created to control and order society in ways that the Nazis wanted. Apart from regular existing police, Gestapo (secret state police), the SS (the protection squads), criminal police and the Security Service (SD) were established to torture and punish those who opposed the Nazis.

Ans. Hitler believed in the racial supremacy of the Aryans. According to the theory of racial supremacy, only the Nordic German Aryans were supreme in society. The Jews were placed in the lowest strata of society. The Jews were regarded as the fiercest enemies of the German Aryans. The Nazis also sought to eliminate physically disabled Germans, the Gypsies and the black Germans.

Hitler dismantled democracy in the following ways;

• After becoming the Chancellor of Germany, under the Fire Decree of 28 February 1933, Hitler indefinitely suspended civic rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly that had been guaranteed by the Weimar constitution.
• He then singled out the Communists, most of whom were sent to the newly established concentration camps.
• On 3 March 1933, Hitler passed the famous Enabling Act which established dictatorship in Germany. The Act gave Hitler all powers to rule by decree and sideline the Parliament.
• All political parties and trade unions except for the Nazi Party and its affiliate were banned.
• Special surveillance and security forces were created to control and order society in ways that the Nazis wanted. Apart from regular existing police, Gestapo (secret state police), the SS (the protection squads), criminal police and the Security Service (SD) were established to torture and punish those who opposed the Nazis.