ICSE Class 6 Answered

The pastoral Aryan tribes of the Early Vedic period were always on the lookout for new pastures for their animals. In the Later Vedic period, they began to settle down and cultivate land. They used iron tools and implements in order to clear jungles and bring more land under cultivation. The surplus production achieved thus resulted in increased prosperity and the instinct to expand territories further. This led to wars and conquests and the emergence of large states called janapadas.