Class 8 SELINA Solutions Biology Chapter 2: Reproduction in Plants

Objective Type Questions

Short Answer Questions

Long Answer Questions

Reproduction in Plants Exercise Objective Type Questions

Solution 1.a

(iv) Anther

Solution 1.b

(i) Stamens and carpels

Solution 1.c

(i) Artificial vegetative propagation

Solution 2

(a) A flower that bears both the male and the female parts is known as bisexual flower.

(b) A flower bearing only male or female parts is known as unisexual flower.

(d) Fusion of male cell with the female cell is called fertilisation.

(e) The ovule develops into a seed.

(f) The ovary of the flower develops into a fruit.

Solution 3

(a) Ovary

(b) Ovule

(d) Petals

(e) Style

Reproduction in Plants Exercise Short Answer Questions

Solution 1

(a) Vegetative reproduction: The method of reproduction where in new plants are produced from the vegetative parts of a plant (propagules) such as the leaf, stem and root is called vegetative reproduction.

(b) Pollination: Pollination is the process in which the pollen grains from the anthers are transferred to the stigma of a flower of the same species.

(c) Grafting: Grafting is a method of artificial vegetative propagation in which a desired plant is obtained by intimately fixing a small shoot or bud of a desired variety of plant (scion) on the stem of another plant of the same of related species (stock).

(d) Micropropagation: Micropropagation is the rapid propagation of plants through plant tissue culture techniques. It involves growing small pieces of plant tissue in a laboratory to produce new plants.

(e) Fertilisation: Fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete with the female gamete to produce a zygote.

Solution 2

Pollination may occur in plants in the following two ways:

1. Self-pollination

2. Cross-pollination

Solution 3

Features of insect-pollinated flowers: (Any two)

1. The flowers are large with coloured petals to attract insects.

2. The flowers are scented so that insects locate the flowers by smell.

3. The flowers contain nectar as food for insects.

4. The flowers produce sticky pollen grains so that they may stick to the body parts of the insects.

Solution 4

Characteristics of wind-pollinated flowers: (Any two)

1. The flowers produce light pollen so that it is easily carried away by wind.

2. The flowers produce a large quantity of pollen.

3. The flowers are usually small and are of dull colours.

4. They generally have long anthers protruding out of the flower so that the pollen grains may get blown off easily by the wind.

Solution 5

(a) 5 kinds of asexual reproduction:

1. Binary fission

2. Budding

3. Fragmentation

4. Spore formation

5. Vegetative reproduction

(b) 4 kinds of artificial vegetative propagation:

1. Cutting

2. Layering

3. Grafting

4. Tissue culture (Micropropagation)

(c) 3 main pollinating agents:

1. Insects

2. Wind

3. Water

(d) 2 kinds of unisexual flowers:

1. Staminate flowers

2. Pistillate flowers

(e) 4 whorls of a bisexual flower:

1. Calyx

2. Corolla

3. Androecium

4. Gynoecium

Solution 6

(a) Gardeners prefer to grow certain plants vegetatively because of the following reasons:

Reproduction by vegetative parts takes place in a shorter time.
New plants, thus produced, spread very fast in a small area.
It is a surer method of propagation.
All the good characteristics of the mother plant are retained by the daughter plants.

(b) Artificial pollination is useful to plant breeders because of the following reasons:

It allows them to develop newer varieties of crop plants.
It enables them to introduce some desired characters in the new plant. This is done by selecting parent plants with the desirable characters.
Example: They can cross pollinate a plant which has disease-resistant property with a plant which has high yielding property to produce a new plant with both the properties thus making this plant superior in quality.

Reproduction in Plants Exercise Long Answer Questions

Solution 1

(a) Differences between Self pollination and Cross pollination (definition):

Self pollination	Cross pollination
Occurs either within the same flower or between two flowers on the same plant.	Occurs between two flowers on different plants of the same species.

(b) Differences between Pollen grain and Ovule (location in the flower):

Pollen grain	Ovule
Present inside the pollen sacs of the anther.	Present inside the ovary.

Sepals	Petals
Protect the inner parts of the flower in the bud condition.	Attract insects for pollination.

(d) Differences between Chlorella and Spirogyra (mode of asexual reproduction):

*Chlorella*	*Spirogyra*
Asexual reproduction through multiple fission.	Asexual reproduction through fragmentation.

(e) Differences between Vallisneria and Trapa (kind of pollinating agent):

*Vallisneria*	*Trapa*
Pollinating agent is water.	Pollinating agent is insect.

Solution 2

Structure of a flower

(a) Stalk/Pedicel

(b) Thalamus

(d) Stamen

(e) Stigma

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Class 8 SELINA Solutions Biology Chapter 2: Reproduction in Plants

Reproduction in Plants Exercise Objective Type Questions

Solution 1.a

Solution 1.b

Solution 1.c

Solution 2

Solution 3

Reproduction in Plants Exercise Short Answer Questions

Solution 1

Solution 2

Solution 3

Solution 4

Solution 5

Solution 6

Reproduction in Plants Exercise Long Answer Questions

Solution 1

Solution 2

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