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CBSE Class 12-science Answered

why is the electrostatic field always normal to surface of any charged conductor?  
Asked by prakriti12oct | 06 Feb, 2020, 01:45: AM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
Let us consider a small area of conductor surface, where curvature is negligible.
Charges will be uniformly distributed on the surface.
 
Let us consider a point very near to surface. We get symmetrical charges with respect to point P
as shown in figure and by superposition principle electrical field due to each charge is getting added vectorially
at point P.  Figure shows how two point charges at A and B are giving electric field at P.
 
Due to symmetry, resultant field is always normal to surface, because if we resolve the field vector into
a component parallel to surface and other one perpendicular to surface, then parallel components cancel each other
and perpendicular components are added together.
 
Hence near the conducting surface, electric-field due to surface charges is normal to surface
Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 06 Feb, 2020, 06:52: AM

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