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CBSE Class 11-science Answered

Why half filled orbitals are more stable?
Asked by Nehan | 04 Aug, 2012, 06:58: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
This is to do with the multiplicity of the state. If the shell is half full, the total spin (and therefore multiplicity) is at a maximum - all the electron spins are aligned. This means that the electrons tend to avoid each other - an often used analogy is cars going round a roundabout, if they all travel in the same direction, they tend to avoid each other.
When you add more electrons, the spins start to pair up. Basically, the cars coming in now are going the other way round the roundabout and often come close to each other. Electrons are negatively charged and repel each other, so having a state in which the electrons must get close is relatively high in energy. This is the basis of Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity.
Answered by | 04 Aug, 2012, 11:16: PM
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