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CBSE Class 10 Answered

which process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide  
Asked by ay7025042 | 25 Feb, 2019, 11:25: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer

Metals low in the activity series:

Oxides of such metals can be reduced to metal by heating alone in the air.

Example: HgS is cinnabar ore of mercury metal. 

This on heating in air changes to metal oxide and metal oxide then on heating gets reduced to mercury metal.

 

          2 HgS space plus space 3 straight O subscript 2 space space space rightwards arrow with increment on top space space 2 HgO space plus space 2 SO subscript 2 space upwards arrow


2 HgO space space space space space rightwards arrow with increment on top space space space 2 Hg plus space straight O subscript 2 space

 

Metals in the middle of the activity series:

Metals in the middle of the reactivity series are usually present as sulphides or carbonates.

These sulphides and carbonates are converted into metal oxides and then these metal oxides are reduced to corresponding metals by reduction.

Coke (carbon) acts as a reducing agent.

Example: 

           2 Zns space space plus space 3 straight O subscript 2 space space space space rightwards arrow with blank on top space space space space 2 ZnO space plus space space SO subscript 2 space upwards arrow

ZnO space space plus space space straight C space space space space space rightwards arrow with increment on top space space space space space 2 Zn space space plus space space CO space upwards arrow

 

Metals on the top of the activity series:

As these metals are quite reactive metals, their oxides are reduced by electrolysis method.

On passing the current through their molten state, we get the metals at the cathode.

Example:

 

           space space space space space space 2 Al subscript 2 straight O subscript 3 space space space rightwards arrow with Current space space space space space on top space space 4 Al to the power of 3 plus end exponent space space plus space space space 6 straight O to the power of 2 minus end exponent


At space cathode colon space space 4 Al to the power of 3 plus end exponent space space plus space 12 straight e to the power of minus space space rightwards arrow space 4 Al

At space anode colon space space space space space 6 straight O to the power of 2 minus end exponent space rightwards arrow space space 3 straight O subscript 2 space space plus space space 12 straight e to the power of minus



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