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CBSE Class 12-science Answered

Which material is used for making heating coils and why?  
Asked by Ss279728 | 14 Jun, 2019, 09:33: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer

The performance and life of heating coil depend on properties of the material used for heating element.

The required properties in material used for heating coils-

  1. High melting point.
  2. Free from oxidation in open atmosphere.
  3. High tensile strength.
  4. Sufficient ductility to draw the metal or alloy in the form of wire.
  5. High resistivity.
  6. Low temperature coefficient of resistance.

Following material are used for manufacturing heating coil-

  1. Nichrome
  2. Kanthal
  3. Cupronickel
Nichrome :- Composition   80% Ni + 20% Cr

Properties of Nichrome
  1. Resistivity : 40 µΩ -cm
  2. Temperature coefficient of resistance: 0.0004 /oC
  3. Melting point: 1400oC
  4. High resistance to oxidation

“Kantahl” is trademark name for alloys made by composing Iron-Chromium-Aluminum (Fe-Cr-Al).

These alloys are used in wide range resistance and heating applications.
Composition of Kanthal :- 70% Fe , 25% Cr and 5% Al


Properties of Kanthal

  1. Resistivity at 20oC: 145 µΩ -cm
  2. Temperature coefficient of resistance at 20oC: 0.000001/oC
  3. Melting point: 1500oC
  4. High resistance to oxidation

Cupronickel is also called as copper-nickel. It is an alloy made by composing copper, nickel and

strengthening elements such as iron and manganese.


Composition of Cupronickel :-   66% Cu , 30% Ni , 2% Fe and 2% Mn

Properties of Cupronickel

  1. Resistivity at 20oC: 50 µΩ -cm
  2. Temperature coefficient of resistance at 20-500oC : 0.00006 /oC
  3. Melting point: 1280oC
  4. High resistance to oxidation


Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 14 Jun, 2019, 09:56: PM
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