ICSE Class 7 Answered

I would attribute the failure of Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s schemes to both his personal character and the prevailing conditions.

Muhammad bin Tughlaq was a learned man who used to think far ahead of his time. Token currency was one such example. It failed not because of the sultan’s foresightedness but because of faulty execution.

The transfer of the capital was a total disaster.

The sultan was responsible for the miseries of the army which went on a military expedition to the Himalayan state. This was a personal failure of the sultan in not realising that it was first necessary to organise his own empire rather than to conquer new inhospitable territories.

He increased the taxes in the Doab region; unfortunately, it coincided with a famine in the region. This resulted in unrest and chaos among the peasants which was more of the result of the prevailing conditions.

The ulemas did not support Muhammad Tughlaq as he did not allow them to interfere in state affairs.