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CBSE Class 12-science Answered

the highest value of potential is zero which is infinetly away from negative charge? it was said in electric potential 3rd video.i don`t understand how zero is the highes potential? and for a negative charge the potential increases away from it,won`t the value be higher than zero?
Asked by my3shyll | 10 May, 2018, 07:32: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
By definition potential VP due to electric charge at a given point P is the workdone by the external force Fext to bring test charge from infinity to that point.  
The test charge is assumed as unit positive charge. Let the point P is at a distance R from the charge Q
 
Hence begin mathsize 12px style V subscript P space equals space integral subscript infinity superscript R F subscript e x t end subscript times d r space equals space minus integral subscript infinity superscript R F subscript E. d r space equals negative space integral subscript infinity superscript R fraction numerator Q over denominator 4 pi epsilon subscript 0 r squared end fraction d r space equals space fraction numerator Q over denominator 4 pi epsilon subscript 0 R end fraction end style .....................(1)
In the above equation we need to consider Fext is opposite to electro-static force FE
 
From eqn.(1) it can be seen that for a positive charge Q potential at infinity is zero and keep on increasing as we approach from infinity to points near Q.
 
For a negative charge potential at infinity is zero and magnatude of potential is increasing as we approach from infinity to points near Q.
But this potential value is negative for negative charge. Figure given below shows the graph for potential of +ve charge and negative charge.

 
Hence the statement " highest value of potential is zero for a negative charge  and this zero value of potential is at a point infinetely away " is true and 
can be realised from the above graph. zero is highest potential if we compare with negative potential at other points.
 

Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 22 Jun, 2018, 02:57: PM
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