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CBSE Class 12-science Answered

Suppose there are two equal charges of same sign then null point will be on mid point of line joining them. If we place a test charge on that point and displace it along line it returns back but if we displace it normal to the line it move away from point and don't come back WHY?
Asked by govtsecschoolnayaganv051 | 10 Jul, 2019, 04:47: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
Fig.(1) shows the placing a test charge qt on the line connecting the charges q1 and q2 and midway between them.
Force F1 due to charge q1 and Force q2 due to charge q2 are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction,
so they cancel each other and make the mid point as equilibrium position  as shown in fig.(1)(a) .
 
If the test charge is displaced towards q2 , force F2 > F1 ,
this makes the test charge move towards equilibrium position as shown in fig.(1)(b)
 
Similarly, If the test charge is displaced towards q1 , force F1 > F2 ,
this makes the test charge move towards equilibrium position as shown in fig.(1)(c)
 
Fig.(2) shows that test charge is displaced perpendicular to the line connecting the charges q1 and q2
Forces F1 and F2 acting on test charge qt are shown in fig.(2).
If we resolve these forces into horizontal and vertical component, horizontal components are cancelled out but vrtical components
are getting added to give net force ( F1v + F2v). This net force acting on test charge in a direction  away from charges q1 and q2 .
Hence test charge will keep on move away from charges q1 and q2
Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 10 Jul, 2019, 10:45: PM
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