CBSE Class 10 Answered
Endocrine glands are ductless glands. Their secretions are directly poured into the blood.
The endocrine system is consists of following glands:
- Adrenal Glands
- Pancreas
- Thyroid Gland
- Pituitary Gland
- Parathyroid Gland
- Thymus
- Gonads
Gland |
Hormones |
Functions |
Disorders |
Adrenal glands |
Adrenaline
|
Adrenaline prepares the body for the fight and flight mechanism. |
Addison’s disease Cushing syndrome
|
Thyroid gland |
Thyroxine
|
Regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. It increases the basal metabolic rate (BMR). It regulates body growth such as ossification of bones and mental development. |
Simple goitre Ophthalmic Goitre Cretinism |
Parathyroid glands |
Parathormone |
Controls metabolism and maintains blood calcium level |
Tetany Demineralisation of bones |
Pituitary gland |
Growth Hormone |
It is essential for normal growth. |
Dwarfism Gigantism |
Pineal gland |
Melatonin |
Regulates the 24-hour diurnal rhythm of the body (e.g. the sleep–wake cycle) and body temperature |
|
Thymus |
Thymopoietin Thymosin |
Controls the maturation and distribution of lymphocytes. Stimulates the production of antibodies. |
|
Pancreas |
Insulin
|
Regulates the blood glucose (sugar) level. |
Diabetes Mellitus High concentration of sugar in blood (hyperglycemia). |
Testes in males |
Testosterone |
Controls the development of sex organs in males. Controls the development of secondary sexual characters during puberty. |
|
Ovaries in females |
Oestrogen
|
Controls the development of female sex organs. Controls the development of secondary sexual characters during puberty in females. |
|