CBSE Class 11-science Answered

All the systems within the body interact with one another to keep an organism healthy. Although each system has specific functions, they are all interconnected and dependent on one another. The nervous system controls various organs of the body directly.

Interaction of nervous system with the skeletal system:

• The bones provide calcium that is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system.
• The skull protects the brain from injury.
• The vertebrae protect the spinal cord from injury.
• Sensory receptors in joints between the bones send signals about the body position to the brain.
• The brain regulates the position of bones by controlling muscles.

Interaction of nervous system with the muscular system:

• The receptors in muscles provide the brain with information about body position and movement.
• The brain controls the contraction of skeletal muscle.
• The nervous system regulates the speed at which food moves through the digestive tract.

Interdependence of nervous, skeletal and muscular system:

• The motor neurons are connected to individual muscle fibres.
• They bridge the pathways of the musculoskeletal system once signals from the brain initiate a movement.
• The nerve impulses generated, known as action potentials, transport neural information to the muscles, eventually causing the muscle fibres to contract.
• As the muscles contract, the connective tissue at the joint draws the bone into movement along the designated pathway governed by the skeletal structure of the joint.