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CBSE Class 12-science Answered

In which orientation, a dipole placed in a uniform electricfield is in (i) stable, (ii) unstable equilibrium?
Asked by yadavshekhar962 | 03 Jan, 2019, 08:38: AM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
We know, 
Torque tries to align electric dipole in the direction of field. 
 
 
In vector form,
 
tau with rightwards arrow on top equals p with rightwards arrow on top cross times E with rightwards arrow on top T h u s comma space w h e n bold italic S bold italic t bold italic a bold italic b bold italic l bold italic e bold space bold italic e bold italic q bold italic u bold italic i bold italic l bold italic i bold italic b bold italic r bold italic i bold italic u bold italic m bold space stack p space with rightwards arrow on top space i s space a l o n g space E with rightwards arrow on top theta space equals 0 degree w h i c h space m e a n s space tau space equals space p space E space sin 0 degree space equals space 0 H e r e comma space d i p o l e space i s space i n space s t a b l e space e q u i l i b r i u m space w h e n space stack p space with rightwards arrow on top space i s space a l o n g space E with rightwards arrow on top
 
Unstable equilibrium
When dipole is held in direction opposite to E with rightwards arrow on top, torque will turn the dipole through 180° 
 
N e t space f o r c e space i s space minus q E minus q E space equals space minus 2 q E space tau space equals space p E sin 180 degree space equals negative p E T h u s comma space d i p o l e space w i l l space b e space i n space u n s t a b l e space s t a t e space
Answered by Shiwani Sawant | 03 Jan, 2019, 10:31: AM

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