CBSE Class 6 Answered

Physical features have influenced the course of human history.

• Mountains are often the sources of the perennial rivers. These rivers have played an important role in the development of human civilisations as major civilisations developed near the rivers banks. For example, the Indus Valley Civilisation developed on the banks of river Indus and its tributaries which originated in the snowcapped Himalayas.
• Geographical features like mountains invariably influence the history of many countries. In the past, these lofty physical features perennially guarded against foreign invasions and restricted movement of settlers, traders and travellers at various times. Various passes in the mountains, however, also helped the invaders to reach the parts of a country.
• The rivers often deposited sediments towards its journey to the sea. These sediments resulted in the formation of fertile plains which were suitable for cultivation. Hence, agricultural production and surpluses helped in the development of trade which affected the economy of the region.
• The availability of minerals and precious stones boosted the economy of a region. It also invited the invadors and plunderers. For example, in the ancient and later medieval period, India was the only known source of diamonds. Besides, various precious and semi-precious stones were also found. This also impacted the course of the Indian history.