CBSE Class 10 Answered
1. There may be variations in the the DNA copying reactions occuring during reproduction. As a result, the DNA copies generated will be similar, but may not be identical to the original. Some of these variations might be so drastic that the new DNA copy cannot work with the cellular apparatus it inherits. Such a newborn cell will simply die. On the other hand, there could still be many other variations in the DNA copies that would not lead to such a drastic outcome. Thus, the surviving cells are similar to, but subtly different from each other. This inbuilt tendency for variation during reproduction is the basis for evolution. The consistency of DNA copying during reproduction is important for the maintenance of body design features that allow the organism to use that particular niche. Reproduction is therefore linked to the stability of populations of species.
2.
Variation is useful for the survival of the species over time. If a population of reproducing organisms were suited to a particular niche and if the niche were drastically altered, the population would be wiped out. However, if some variations were to be present in a few individuals in these populations, there would be some chance for them to survive. These resistant variants would survive and grow further. So over time, these variations will prove useful for the species.
Kindly post each query separately.