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CBSE Class 12-science Answered

How aniline is prepared from (a) benzamide (b) Benzoic acid (c)Nitro benzene
Asked by ap996969 | 16 Mar, 2019, 10:17: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
(a) From Benzamide: 

Amines are prepared by treating an amide with bromine in an aqueous or ethanolic solution of NaOH.In this degradation reaction, migration of alkyl or aryl group takes place from carbonyl carbon of the amide to the nitrogen atom.The amine formed has one carbon atom less than the starting amide.

 
straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 5 CONH subscript 2 space plus space Br subscript 2 space plus space 4 NaOH space rightwards arrow with blank on top space straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 5 NH subscript 2 space plus space Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 space plus space NaBr space plus space 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O

(b)From Benzoic acid:

This conversion takes place in two steps

step 1: benzoic acid to benzamide:

straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 5 COOH space space rightwards arrow from left parenthesis 2 right parenthesis space NH subscript 3 to left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis space SOCl subscript 2 of space space straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 5 CONH subscript 2

 

Step 2:

Benzamide to aniline:

straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 5 CONH subscript 2 space plus space Br subscript 2 space plus space 4 NaOH space rightwards arrow with blank on top space straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 5 NH subscript 2 space plus space Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 space plus space NaBr space plus space 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O

 
(c) from nitrobenzene:
Nitro compounds on reduction with hydrogen gas in the presence offinely divided nickel, palladium or platinumandon reduction with metals in the acidicmedium give amines.

Answered by Ramandeep | 17 Mar, 2019, 11:34: AM

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