CBSE Class 12-science Answered

The production of whole plants from an explant by growing them on a suitable culture medium under sterile conditions in vitro is called tissue culture. The culture medium must be rich in vitamins, nutrients and growth regulatory hormones such as auxins and cytokinins. The plants which are produced by micropropagation are genetically identical and constitute somaclones.

The advantages of micropropagation are

(i) Healthy disease-free plants can be grown by meristem culture.

(ii) Somatic hybrids can be produced by tissue culture.