CBSE Class 12-science Answered

(i) The Earth Summit was held at Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in which representatives of more than 170 countries were present. The summit promoted Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). India became a member of this convention in May 1994.

The important objectives were-

(a) Finding and supporting various methods to conserve biological diversity.

(b) Use of biodiversity only up to sustainable limit.

(c) The benefits derived from use of genetic resources should be fairly and equitably shared.

(ii) A second World Summit on biological diversity was held in 2002 in Johannesburg in which 190 countries pledged to reduce the current rate of biodiversity loss at global, regional and local levels by 2010.

(iii) Indian government passed the Biodiversity Bill in December 2003 to protect India’s biodiversity.

(iv) Government of India has also established a Biodiversity Board at Chennai to ensure proper utilization of biodiversity.

(v) Organizations like World Wildlife Fund (WWW) and World Conservation Union (WCU) provide financial assistance for conservation programmes.