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CBSE Class 7 Answered

explain each and every function of brain
Asked by shrinilassp | 19 Feb, 2015, 06:08: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer

Forebrain

The cerebrum is the centre of intelligence, memory, consciousness, will power and voluntary actions.

Diencephalon

a)    The thalamus relays pain and pressure impulses to the cerebrum.

b)    The hypothalamus controls the body temperature and the activity of the pituitary gland.

Midbrain

This small tube-like part is responsible for reflexes involving the eyes and ears.

Hind Brain

The cerebellum coordinates muscular activity and balance of the body.

The impulse of performing muscular activity originates in the cerebrum.

For example, when you stand up and walk, the impulse of this activity originates in the cerebrum, but coordination of working muscles in this act (i.e. their coordination, proper timing of their contraction and relaxation) is controlled by the cerebellum.

The pons carries impulses from one hemisphere to the other hemisphere and coordinates muscular movements on both sides of the body.

The medulla oblongata controls the activities of internal organs, heartbeat, breathing etc.

  1. 1.    Cerebrum
  • The largest portion of the brain.
  • It is divided into two cerebral hemispheres connected to each other by the corpus callosum.
  • Each cerebral hemisphere is hollow internally.
  • The walls have an outer cortex and inner medulla.
  • The cortex contains cell bodies of the neuron and is greyish in colour; hence, it is called grey matter.
  • The grey matter has many folds (i.e. gyri) and grooves (i.e. sulci). They increase the surface area to accommodate more nerve cells.
  • A higher number of convolutions lead to greater intelligence.
  • The medulla consists of axons of the nerve fibres and is called white matter.
  1. 2.    Cerebellum
  • Located at the base of the cerebrum.
  • It has numerous furrows.
  • In a median section, its white matter appears like a branching tree.
  1. 3.    Medulla Oblongata
  • Located at the base of the skull.
  • It is roughly triangular.
  • It continues behind the brain as the spinal cord.
  • Injury to the medulla oblongata results in death.
Answered by | 19 Feb, 2015, 06:12: PM
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